小偃麦渗入系抗条锈性评价及细胞学鉴定  

Evaluation of Resistances to Stripe Rust and Cytological Characterization in Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Introgressions

作　　者：郭慧娟[1] 张丛卓[1] 张晓军[1] 杨足君[2] 李欣[1] 詹海仙[1] 乔麟轶[1] 畅志坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,山西太原030032 [2]电子科技大学,四川成都610054

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第3期371-377,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171839);山西省国际科技合作计划(2012081006-2;2013081007);山西省科技攻关项目(20130311001-5)

摘　　要：为将中间偃麦草的抗条锈病基因导入小麦,以八倍体小偃麦TAI7047为桥梁亲本,与普通小麦杂交、回交,结合细胞学鉴定选育抗条锈病小麦-异源渗入系;并通过人工接种在温室和田间病圃对育成的82份渗入系进行了连续2年的苗期、成株期抗病性鉴定筛选。筛选到38份免疫我国优势小种CYR32、CYR33和新小种v26;45份免疫CYR32、CYR33小种;51份免疫CYR32;48份免疫CYR33;52份免疫v26。且它们的抗性均来自中间偃麦草。对随机选取的3份抗病渗入系及其与中国春小麦的杂交F1进行了染色体计数和配对分析。结果表明,它们的染色体数目均为2n=42,且3个测试材料及其与中国春杂种F1的平均配对构型分别为2n=0.26I+20.79II+0.05III和2n=0.37I+20.68II+0.09III。说明小偃麦抗病渗入系具有与普通小麦相似的染色体结构和规则的配对构型,为小麦抗病育种提供了新抗源。Stripe rust resistant wheat introgression lines were developed by crossing the resistant partial amphiploid TAI7047 derived from susceptible cultivars. To identify potentially new sources of effective stripe rust resistance genes against Chinese races, we evaluated the seedling and adult plant responses to the most widely virulent and predominant pathotypes CYR32 and CYR33, as well as v26, a new Yr24/Yr26 virulent pathotype of 82 Th. intermedium-derived wheat introgression lines. 38 lines were immune to CYR32, CYR33 and v26, 51 lines to CYR32, 48 to CYR33 and 52 to v26 with the resistance being derived from their wild parent Th. intermedium. Cytological observation of three randomly selected resistant lines and their F1 hybrids involving Chinese Spring wheat demonstrated that all had 42 chromosomes with an average chromosome pairing pattern of 2n=0.26 Ⅰ ＋20.79 Ⅱ ＋ 0.05 Ⅲ and 2n=0.37 Ⅰ ＋ 20.68 Ⅱ ＋ 0.09 Ⅲ, respectively, suggesting that these wheat-Th. intermedium introgression lines were cytologically stable with a regular pairing with wheat chromosomes, and could be used in breeding for wheat cultivar resistant to stripe rust.

关 键 词：小麦 中间偃麦草 异源渗入系 抗性导入 条锈病 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]