联合国军队构想的缘起及命运——《联合国宪章》第43条的实施进程  

The Origins and Destiny of the UN Troops:Focusing on the Historical Process of Implementation of Article 43 of the UN Charter

作　　者：韩长青[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学政治学系,讲师上海200241

出　　处：《世界历史》2014年第2期49-60,158-159,共12页World History

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"20世纪国际格局的演变与大国关系互动研究"(项目批准号:11&ZD133);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目"历史中的战略行为:美国和其他国家的比较"(项目批准号:11JJD810017)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：为维持国际和平和安全,防止世界大战的再次爆发,联合国各会员国依据《联合国宪章》第43条等条款的规定提供军队供安理会支配,这是联合国集体安全机制的关键环节。在联合国创立之初,安理会为创设军事参谋团和制定联合国军队基本原则取得了显著成绩。然而,随着战时同盟关系的逐步解体,各大国之间因各自根本利益及对外政策的不同而引发了矛盾冲突,使这些来之不易的成果付诸东流。联合国军队始终没有建立,《联合国宪章》有关条款对于威胁和破坏和平以及侵略行为的应对手段在实践中无从实施,联合国集体安全机制的实际效能因此遭受严重削弱。Article 43 of the Charter of the United Nations requires all members of the United Nations to contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security and undertake to make available to the Security Council,on its call and in accordance with a special agreement,armed forces necessary for carrying out its decisions.The Security Council once asked the Military Staff Committee to submit its recommendations regarding basic principles with which it should govern the organization of United Nations armed forces.Although discussion of the report of the Military Staff Committee resulted in constructive clarifications and prominent progress in drafting,it proved impossible to reconcile the fundamental disagreements among the five permanent members of the Security Council.The failure of the negotiations of the Special Agreements and the deterioration of political relations between the major powers all but preclude supplying the Security Council with armed forces as envisaged under the arrangements set forth in the U.N.Charter.In consequence,the Security Council could hardly be expected to take effective collective military measures for the prevention and removal of threats to peace and for the suppression of aggression or other breaches of peace.

关 键 词：《联合国宪章》第43条 军事参谋团 联合国军队 冷战起源 

分 类 号：D813.2[政治法律—国际关系]