基于C_I指数的贵州省干旱时空变化规律研究  

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Droughts in Guizhou Province Based on Meteorological Drought Composite Index

作　　者：张金凤[1] 冯杰[2] 何祺胜[3] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2014年第4期4-8,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201201025)

摘　　要：贵州干旱频发,亟需采用合理的干旱指标分析研究干旱发生的时空变化规律,指导抗旱工作。与单项干旱指数相比,综合气象干旱指数(CI)同时考虑了降水和蒸散能力对干旱发生的累积效应,更能精确地反映不同的干旱状况。验证了CI指数在贵州的适用性,采用统计分析法研究了贵州省50年来干旱发生的频率、范围和强度。结果表明,贵州省年干旱发生频率很高;全年干旱频率分布从东北向西南逐渐增高;四季中,春旱发生频率最高,由西南向东北呈递减趋势,夏旱南北差异不显著,秋旱发生频率呈现自西北向东南逐渐增高的条带状分布规律;干旱持续日数和干旱强度呈周期性变化。As a result of frequent occurrence of drought in Guizhou Province, it is extremely necessary to adopt a reasonable drought index to analyze temporal and spatial variation of drought and guide drought resisting. Compared with single drought index, comprehensive meteorological drought index （CI） considers the drought cumulative effects of precipitation and evapotranspiration, and accurately reflects different drought conditions. Firstly, this paper analyzes the applicability of CI index in Guizhou Province. And then statistical method is used to analyze occurrence frequencies, scopes and severities of meteorological droughts. The results show that the annual occurrence frequencies of drought is high in Guizhou Province; the annual occurrence frequencies of meteorological drought increases from northeast to southwest; in all seasons, the occurrence frequency of spring droughts is the highest, and it decreases from southwest to northeast; autumn droughts increases from northwest to southeast, and the difference is not significant in the summer droughts frequencies between the north and south; the drought duration and drought severity in Guizhou Province appear periodic variation.

关 键 词：气象干旱 气象干旱综合指数(CI) 土壤相对湿度 时空变化规律 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]