基于日需水量的作物非充分实时灌溉预报模型及应用  

Research on Real-time Irrigation Forecasting Model for Deficient Irrigation Based on Crop's Daily Water Demand

作　　者：张振伟[1] 马建琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450011

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2014年第4期167-170,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：水利部948项目(201047);国家自然科学基金项目(41071025);2009年度河南省教育厅自然科学研究基金项目(2009A170004);河南省科技公关项目(092102310197)

摘　　要：针对传统灌溉预报中实时降水信息与典型年降水信息差异较大导致预报决策在实际生产中失效的问题,在充分考虑预报日降水和天气类型情况下,基于实时的土壤水分监测数据和天气信息,提出了基于日需水量的作物非充分实时灌溉预报模型,给出了模型涉及的短期作物系数、土壤水分修正、计划湿润层深等参数的模拟与修正办法。以冬小麦为例,提出了不同天气类型下日需水量的计算方法,并进行了在线实时灌溉预报。结果表明,该预报模型与方法能为农业水资源发挥最大效益、有效缓解水资源短缺提供依据。Aiming at the shortcoming of existing irrigation forecasting, based on the monitoring data of real time soil moisture and weather information, a real time irrigation forecasting model for deficient irrigation was proposed in terms of crop’s daily water demand. In the model, the forecasting precipitation and weather type are fully considered, and the methods for irrigation simulation and parameters’ amendments are built. The representative crop winter wheat in north china is chosen as an example. The calculate method for daily water demand of winter wheat under different weather type is put forward, and the steps for real time irrigation forecasting are given. The results show that the model and method can provide basis for enhancing agricultural water resources benefit and relieving water resources deficit effectively.

关 键 词：作物 日需水量 实时 灌溉预报 非充分灌溉 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]