准噶尔荒漠6种类短命植物生物量分配与异速生长关系  

Biomass allocation patterns and allometric relationships of six ephemeroid species in Junggar Basin,China

作　　者：陶冶[1,2] 张元明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第2期38-48,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201056);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB954200)资助

摘　　要：类短命植物是我国荒漠植物区系中重要而独特的组成部分。准噶尔荒漠是类短命植物在中亚干旱区分布的最东端。目前关于类短命植物生物量分配及异速生长关系的研究较少。选择了百合科的小山蒜、棱叶韭、粗柄独尾草、黑鳞顶冰花、伊犁郁金香以及菊科的细叶鸦葱共６种植物作为研究对象，对比研究了其生物量分配及异速生长关系的异同。结果表明，６种类短命植物单株总生物量在０．６２８～２１．１４４ｇ之间，根冠比在０．３５５～３．０６６之间，叶片生物量比例在０．０９２～０．２８９之间，繁殖分配比例在０．１１１～０．６４９之间。６种植物用于繁殖器官和光合器官的生物量分配各不相同，表明不同科、不同属及同属不同种之间的生物量大小及器官分配比例无一致规律。大部分物种根冠比随个体增大而显著下降，而繁殖分配则呈显著的异速增加的趋势。６种植物器官生物量间（共４５对）大部分（４０对）表现为等速生长关系（即异速生长指数为１），而且地上与地下生物量间及叶片与地下生物量间还各自具有共同的异速生长指数（分别为０．８７６４和０．８５８５），表现出强烈的功能趋同性。但６个物种间没有出现完全一致的相关生长关系，这可能归因于由系统分类地位决定的遗传特性的差异。Ephemeroid species are an important and special component of the desert flora in China. The Junggar Basin is the easternmost area where the ephemeroid species distribute in arid areas of central Asia. Up to now, there are very few studies on biomass allocation and the allometric relationships of ephemeroid species. Six spe cies, Allium pallasii, Allium caeruleum, Eremurus inderiensis, Gagea nigra and Tulipa iliensis （all belong to Liliaceae） and Scorzonera pusilla （Asteraceae） were chosen as target plants, and about 20 to ,35 individual plants of each species were obtained. The One-way ANOVA and Levene＇s test were used to analyze the simi- larity or difference in biomass allocation among six ephemeroid species. The power function was used to test the relationship between the root to shoot mass ratio （R/S） and plant size （aboveground biomass） and between the reproduction allocation ratio （RAR） and plant size of six species using ordinary least squares （（）I,S, i.e. Model Type I） regression. The reduced major axis （RMA, alyze the similarity or difference in allometric relationships i.e. Model Type II） regression was employed to an among six species using SMARTR software. The results showed that the total individual plant biomass of six species ranged from 0. 628 g to 21. 144 g, root to shoot mass ratios （R/S） ranged from 0. 355 to 3. 066, leaf to total plant mass ratios ranged from 0. 092 to 0.289, and reproduction allocation ratios （RAR） ranged from0.111 to0.649. Thebiomass ratios ofreproduc tion organ and photosynthetic organ were different among six species, indicating that there was no regular pat- tern of biomass and its allocation ratios among different families, different genera and different species in age nus. R/S of most species declined markedly with the plant body size, while the RAR showed significant in creasing tendency with the body size. Most （40 pairs） of the species pairs （45 pairs in total） of organ biomass represented isometric relationships （i

关 键 词：生活型 类短命植物 生物量 异速生长指数 繁殖分配 准噶尔荒漠 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]