近代上海同业公会与总商会、市商会之关系  

Relation of Associations and General Chamber of Commerce or Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai

作　　者：樊卫国[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院经济研究所,200020

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2014年第3期79-88,132,共11页Shanghai Journal of Economics

摘　　要：作为近代上海两大经济群体,同业公会与上海总商会、市商会的关系发轫于清末民初。因组织功能和社会角色不同,在各式政治、经济、社会因素的侵染下,民国年间两者的关系变化颇具历史内涵。民初是沪地各类经济群体社会化发展阶段,总商会和同业公会以各自不同的制度功用和组织运作,相互相成,托契深重,两者无明确的隶属关系,也时有争执,但总体上彼此配合,声应气求,彰显了两大工商组织的互动绩效。国民政府时期,经济群体整合于国家法规,其组织行为被政府规制,市商会与各业同业公会关系趋于程序化、正规化。在市商会上级组织地位确立的同时,市商会的政治化社会化活动逐渐偃息,两者关系不如总商会时期默契灵动,但仍有大量同业公会的经济诉求通过市商会向政府传递,其基本的组织功能仍能有效运作。As two major economic groups in modem Shanghai, associations and General Chamber of Commerce or Chamber of Commerce began in the late Qing Dynasty. Due to different organizational functions and social roles, the relationship of both groups changed historically in all kinds of infection political, economic and social factors during the Republic of China. In Early Republican, various economic groups in Shanghai had a social development stage, so General Chamber of Commerce and associations not only had different functions and organizational systems operate complementary to each other, but also had disputes, but overall cooperated with each other to highlight the interactive performance of the two trade associations. During the period of national government, economic groups integrated in national laws and regulations, organizational behaviors were regulated by government, the relations between Chamber of Commerce and associations tend to be programmed, standardized. While Chamber of Commerce established the status of the parent organization, the political or social activities of Chamber of Commerce had gradually ceased, causing the relationship between these two groups not better than General Chamber of Commerce with associations, but there is still a lot of economic demands of associations passed to government through the Chamber of Commerce, its basic organizational functions still operating effectively.

关 键 词：近代上海 同业公会 总商会(市商会) 商民协会 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]