不同水平负载量对“鄞红”葡萄成熟和品质的影响  

Effects of different fruit loads on berry maturity and quality in grape cultivar “Yinhong”

作　　者：陆玫丹[1] 贺坤 裴庆松 贾惠娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学园艺系/农业部园艺植物生长发育与品质调控重点开放实验室,杭州310058 [2]宁波市鄞州区林业技术管理服务站,浙江宁波315100 [3]浙江三生农业科技有限公司,浙江湖州313008

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第2期175-180,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2013BAD20B00);浙江省湖州市重大科技项目(2012ZD1004)

摘　　要：以三年生欧美杂交种鄞红"(Vitis vinifera×Vitis labrusca)葡萄为试验材料,研究3个不同负载量水平(2,3,4kg/m2)对葡萄果实品质与成熟期的影响.结果表明,3和4kg/m2负载均能延迟果实成熟,其中4kg/m2处理相比2kg/m2处理可使果实成熟延迟42d,各处理间平均单果质量差异无统计学意义.与2kg/m2处理相比,过高负载的4kg/m2处理的可溶性固形物降低2.8%,着色不良;同时,翌年枝条萌芽率和花穗质量分别减少20.1%和19.76%,3kg/m2处理总体品质指标处于两者之间,但因成熟期的不一致,平均可溶性固形物和花青苷含量在个体间差异较大.4kg/m2处理果实成熟延迟挂树后,可溶性固形物下降5.3%,果实发生软化,硬度降低1.8%,后期果粒部分失水萎焉.因此,生产中鄞红"葡萄建议使用2kg/m2左右的正常挂果量负载水平,若有延迟需要,可适当高负载,成熟后应及时采摘.Summary ＂Yinhong＂ grape（Vitis vinifera ×Vitis labrusca） cultivar has many excellent characteristics,such as strong resistance,high branching rate and extensive management.The maturation of this cultivar is mainly in the middle of August,and it is one of the most promising popularized varieties after＂Kyoho＂and＂Fujiminori＂in Zhejiang Province.In recent years,with the development and promotion of protected cultivation technology,the grape picking tourism industry was booming,which undoubtedly had wider requirement for the maturity of grape. However,there exists excessive load to adjust maturity and delay picking in sightseeing orchard in production,and the effect of excessive load on adjusting maturity is not clear yet,and especially its effect on grape quality after＆amp;nbsp;delaying picking had not been reported.Therefore,the aim of this research is to study the effect of different load levels on berry maturity and quality. Three-year-old＂Yinhong＂ trees were used in experiment.Three fruit load levels were designed including 2 kg/m2（1 250 kg/667 m2）,3 kg/m2（1 875 kg/667 m2）,4 kg/m2（2 500 kg/667 m2）by cluster and fruit thinning. Fruit was picked when berry seed was brown and fruit mass did not increase.The quality indexes such as fruit mass,color,hardness,fruit total soluble solids （TSS）,titration acid（TA） were determined at harvest. 〈br〉 The results showed that the growing curves of different fruit loads were the same pattern,showing a double＂S＂ curve.With the growing of the fruit,fruit diameter of 2 kg/m2 load level was highest from hardcore to maturity period,but there was no significant difference among three levels.According to the standard of harvest, both load levels of 3 and 4 kg/m2 could delay fruit ripening,and especially 4 kg/m2 could effectively delay fruit maturity by 42 days compared to 2 kg/m2 .The TSS content decreased after delaying picking a week,and could not reach 1 7% at last for 4 kg/m2 .The TA content of 2 kg/m2 load level was highest.With del

关 键 词：葡萄 负载量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]