彩虹法和成像法测量玻璃微珠折射率对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Refractive Index Measurement of Glass Beads by Rainbow and Imaging Method

作　　者：张充[1] 李大海[1] 郭东华[2] 赵霁文[1] 鄂可伟 代贞强 李萌阳[1] 王琼华[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学电子信息学院,四川成都610065 [2]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《光学与光电技术》2014年第2期29-34,39,共7页Optics & Optoelectronic Technology

基　　金：交通部标准计量质量研究(2012-318-223-030)资助项目

摘　　要：基于几何光学原理,彩虹法使用激光作为光源,利用激光在玻璃微珠中进行一次或者多次内反射后出射形成最小偏向角,在最小偏向角附近形成彩虹条纹,通过测量彩虹条纹来反演计算玻璃微珠的折射率。然而,成像法则根据厚透镜的成像原理,对玻璃微珠所成的像经过显微物镜放大后使用CCD相机进行接收,获得玻璃微珠的焦距,进而测得对应玻璃微珠的折射率。较传统方法来说,彩虹法和成像法具有安全、简便和快捷的优点。对型号不同的玻璃微珠,分别使用彩虹法和成像法测量其折射率,并对它们的测量结果进行了对比分析,都获得相对于名义值的误差小于1%的结果。On the basis of tile principle of geometrical optics, using a laser as light source in the experiment of the rainbow method, the emerging rays form the minimum deviation angle after the laser in glass beads for one or more times internal refraction. Near the minimum deviation angle, it appears the rainbow fringes. By measuring the rainbow fringes, it can calcu- late the refractive index of glass beads. According to the imaging principle of the thick lens, the experiment of imaging meth- od uses CCD camera to receive the image after the microscope objective amplified the glass beads imaging in order to get the focal length of glass heads, then it can measure the refractive index of glass beads. The two methods are safer, easier and faster than traditional ones. For the different types of glass beads, though analyzed and compared with the experimental results of the two methods, it is obtained that the error between the experimental results and the nominal value is less than 1%.

关 键 词：玻璃微珠 折射率 最小偏向角 厚透镜成像 彩虹法 成像法 

分 类 号：O435.1[机械工程—光学工程]