不同除草剂对直播稻田杂草的防效及安全性评价  

Efficacy and Selectivity of Eight Herbicides in Direct- seeded Rice

作　　者：马国兰 刘都才 刘雪源 唐涛 彭亚军 

机构地区：[1]湖南省植物保护研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂草科学》2014年第1期91-95,共5页Weed Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:31201530);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号:201303031)

摘　　要：通过田间试验比较了60 g/L五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯油悬浮剂、2.5%五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂、10%氰氟草酯乳油、10%双草醚悬浮剂、9%嘧啶肟草醚·氰氟草酯微乳剂、5%嘧啶肟草醚乳油、10%氟吡磺隆水分散粒剂、10%唑酰草胺乳油8种除草剂对水直播稻田杂草的防除效果及对水稻的安全性。结果表明:8种除草剂中,60 g/L五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯油悬浮剂、9%嘧啶肟草醚·氰氟草酯微乳剂、2.5%五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂、10%双草醚悬浮剂对杂草均表现出优良的防效,杀草谱广且安全性好,可作为防除直播稻田杂草的主要药剂。10%唑酰草胺乳油、10%氰氟草酯乳油仅能有效控制直播田禾本科杂草。5%嘧啶肟草醚乳油、10%氟吡磺隆水分散粒剂仅能控制直播田阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草,对禾本科杂草的防效不理想。因此,60 g/L五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯油悬浮剂、9%嘧啶肟草醚·氰氟草酯微乳剂、2.5%五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂、10%双草醚悬浮剂4种除草剂在我国的直播稻区有很好的推广应用前景。The efficacy and selectivity to rice of eight herbicides ,including penoxsulam ＆#183; cyhalofop-butyl 60 g/L OD,pe-noxsulam 2.5%OD,cyhalofop -butyl 10%EC,bispyribac -sodium 10%SC,pyribenzoxim ＆#183; cyhalofop -butyl 9%ME, pyribenzoxim 5%EC,flucetosulfuron 10%WG,and metamifop 10%EC,was assessed in a field experiment .The best her-bicides in terms of both efficacy over a wide spectrum of weeds and crop selectivity were penoxsulam ＆#183; cyhalofop-butyl, pyribenzoxim＆#183; cyhalofop-butyl,penoxsulam,and bispyribac-sodium.Thus these herbicides can be chosen as main her-bicides to control weeds in direct -seeded rice fields .Metamifop and cyhalofop -butyl only provided good control of grassy weeds in direct -seeding rice fields .Pyribenzoxim and flucetosulfuron effectively controlled broad -leaved weeds and sedges but their effect on grassy weeds was limited .Therefore penoxsulam＆#183; cyhalofop-butyl,pyribenzoxim＆#183; cyhalo-fop-butyl,penoxsulam,and bispyribac-sodium are promising herbicides for direct -seeded rice production in China .

关 键 词：直播水稻 杂草 除草剂 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]