5种除草剂在温室与田间条件下除草活性的比较  

Comparison of Herbicidal Activity among Five Herbicides under Greenhouse and Field Conditions

作　　者：唐伟[1] 徐小燕[1] 陈杰[1] 姚燕飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省化工研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《杂草科学》2014年第1期107-111,共5页Weed Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(编号:2011BAE06B08)

摘　　要：比较了温室条件下和同期开展的4个田间试验条件下炔草酯、五氟磺草胺、精喹禾灵、氟磺胺草醚和二甲戊乐灵对相同靶标杂草的鲜重防效。结果表明：在温室试验条件下，低剂量处理的炔草酯、五氟磺草胺、精喹禾灵和二甲戊乐灵的杂草鲜重防效显著高于田间防效，高剂量处理的田间杂草鲜重防效与温室试验接近或相当；除氟磺胺草醚的部分试验点外，各除草剂田间试验点对靶标杂草鲜重防效的ED50、ED90值均高于温室试验；炔草酯、五氟磺草胺、精喹禾灵、氟磺胺草醚、二甲戊乐灵田间试验ED90/温室试验ED90的范围分别为3．2～6．9、16．2～103．9、1．6～3．1、0．8～3．1、1．8～3．4。各除草剂的杂草防效在田间试验点与温室试验间存在差异，可能受到杂草自身对药剂的敏感性差异、气候环境及人为因素等多方面影响。综合试验结果，在进行除草剂温室及田间试验时，应对杂草防效的差异进行多方面综合分析；试验结果对新化合物的生物检测也具有参考意义。Efficacy of clodinafop -propargyl,penoxsulam,quizalofop -p-ethyl,fomesafen and pendimethalin to control the same target weeds was simultaneously determined in the greenhouse and in four field experiments .Level of weed con-trol based on fresh weight reduction achieved with low doses of clodinafop -propargyl,penoxsulam,quizalofop-p-ethyl and pendimethalin in the greenhouse was substantially higher than in the field ,but at high doses the responses were nearly identical under both conditions .Only fomesafen performed slightly differently ,ED50 and ED90 values for the other four her-bicides were higher at the field than at the greenhouse .The ED90（field）/ED90（greenhouse）ratios for clodinafop -prop-argyl,penoxsulam,quizalofop-p-ethyl,fomesafen and pendimethalin were 3.2~6.9,16.2~103.9,1.6~3.1,0.8~3.1 and 1.8~3.4,respectively.The differing weed control effects of the herbicides observed in field and greenhouse experiments are probably related to sensibility differences of weeds as well as climatic and anthropogenic factors .Thus in conducting greenhouse and field experiments ,comprehensively analyses of variability of weed control effects must be ad-dressed,particularly for the bioassay testing of novel herbicides under development .

关 键 词：除草剂 温室试验 田间试验 鲜重防效 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]