低温制冷机用柔性板弹簧优化参数及型线分析  

Optimization parameters and spiral line analysis of flexure spring for cryocoolers

作　　者：甘智华[1] 汪伟伟[1] 王龙一[1] 陶轩[1] 刘碧强[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,杭州310027

出　　处：《低温工程》2014年第2期1-6,18,共7页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51176165)支持

摘　　要：针对低温制冷机用板弹簧,提出同时考虑"径轴向刚度比"和"最大应力与轴向刚度比"为板弹簧的优化参数,在此基础上,基于有限元分析方法,比较分析了常见的3种不同涡旋型线的板弹簧,得到宜采用圆渐开线和阿基米德螺旋线来构造涡旋线且圆渐开线较优的结论;同时也比较了偏心型与同心型板弹簧的性能,结果显示偏心型板弹簧具有较稳定的径向刚度及较大的径轴向刚度比,有利于低温制冷机的稳定运行。最后通过实验测量了板弹簧的刚度,显示有限元计算值与实验结果的平均误差为11.6%,从而证明了有限元方法的可靠性。The ratio of radial stiffness to axial stiffness and the ratio of maximal stress to axial stiffness were proposed to optimize the design of flexures. Based on these two ratios, three different kinds of spiral lines were analyzed by finite element method （FEM）. It＇ s shown that circle involute as well as Archimedes spiral are appropriate for the flexures and the circle involute is even better. While compared with concentric flexures, eccentric flexures have a more stable radial stiffness and a larger ratio of radial stiffness to axial stiffness, which are more suitable for the cryocoolers. The stiffnesses of flexures were tested experimentally with an error of 11.6% ,which validates that the finite element method is accurate and reliable.

关 键 词：柔性板弹簧 优化参数 有限元法 涡旋线 低温制冷机 线性压缩机 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]