气候变化下山东稻区水稻重大害虫灾变规律及其防控评价——以郯城为例  

Assessment on Economic-yield Loss Caused by Key Pests of Rice in Paddy Fields of Shandong Province——A Case in Tancheng County

作　　者：江守林 全银华 黄珂毓 纪绍兰 朱军生 欧阳芳[4] 陈法军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院/昆虫信息生态研究室,江苏南京210095 [2]山东省郯城县农技推广中心,山东郯城276100 [3]山东省植物保护总站,山东济南250100 [4]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2014年第1期20-25,共6页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：环保部专项(STSN-04-04);国家自然科学基金项目(31272051;31101491)

摘　　要：山东稻区是我国典型的单季中熟水稻种植区。近年来,随着气候变化加剧、主栽品种更新换代及栽培制度变迁等,该区水稻害虫表现出新的灾变特点。以山东水稻主栽区临沂市郯城县1994—2009年水稻害虫监测预警与防控的历史虫情资料为基础,结合同期气象数据分析气候变化下水稻害虫发生及其危害损失,并评估植物保护措施的控害保产效果。结果显示年均温和年降雨量与二化螟和稻飞虱的发生危害面积和水稻产量损失之间相关不显著,但与稻纵卷叶螟的发生危害面积和水稻产量损失之间相关显著甚至极显著。可见,通过积极开展水稻害虫的准确监测和及时防控,可有效提高气候变化下水稻害虫的管理水平,从而确保粮食安全生产,进而保障农民增产增收。Shandong Province is the typical growing region of the single and midseason rice in China. In recent years, because of intensifying climate changes, main varieties’ renewal and cultivation institutional changes, etc, some new characteristics of the rice pests’ occurrence and outbreaks appeared in this rice growing region. In this paper, based on the observation data of the telemetry monitoring and controlling of rice pests in combination with the climate data from 1994 to 2009 in the rice growing region of Tancheng County, Linyi City of Shandong Province, the occurrence characteristics of rice pests and their economic damage （i.e., rice yield losses） were＆amp;nbsp;systematically analyzed, and also the efficiency of rice pests management and yield protection of the plant protection measures were assessed as well. The results indicated that there were no significant correlation between the annual mean temperature （annual precipitation as well） and the occurrence area and rice yield loss of stem borer, Chilo suppressalis （Walker） and rice plant-hopper （including the brown plant-hopper, Nilaparvata lugens St？l）. While significant correlation was found between the annual mean temperature （annual precipitation as well） and the occurrence area and rice yield loss of rice leaf-roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis （Guenee）, respectively. It was clear that the pest management of rice under climate changes could be effectively improved and enhanced through the accurate monitoring and forecasting, and through timely prevention and control against rice pests, which in turn was to ensure the food safety in production and further to safeguard the farmers＆#39; income increase.

关 键 词：水稻生产 稻飞虱 水稻螟虫 经济损失 害虫管理 气候变化 

分 类 号：S435.112[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]