目标扭曲、政府控制与制度异化——国民政府时期农村合作运动失败原因解读  

Target Distortion,Government Control and System Dissimilation ——On the Failure of Rural Cooperation Movement in the Time of the Nationalist Government

作　　者：易棉阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学商学院,湖南株洲412008 [2]湖南师范大学公共管理学院,长沙410002

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2014年第2期10-19,共10页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"农贷助推农村水利建设的理论与实证研究:湖南案例"(11YJC790246);中国博士后基金项目"不同历史时期党领导的农民合作与农业发展绩效"(2012M521520);国家社会科学基金项目"四联总处抗战时期大后方经济"(13FJL008)

摘　　要：从1927年起,国民党政府运用国家力量在全国掀起了一场长达22年之久的农村合作运动。国民党政府推行农村合作运动的目标有三:一为经济目标即挽救近代以来持续加深的农业危机;二为社会目标即实现对社会资源的全面统制;三为政治目标即对抗共产党的土地革命政策。为实现这些目标,国民党政府以强制手段采取自上而下的方式在全国建立起政府控制型合作体制。因政府的控制,国民党政府时期的合作社偏离了自愿性、民主管理性和社员互助共济性三大基本合作原则,制度异化使农村合作运动完全走向反民众的立场,最终被民众所抛弃。Since 1927, a 22 -year long rural cooperation movement was lifted up by Kuomin- tang government by using its national power. There are three reasons for the government to push the movement： the first reason is economy target, which aimed to save the agricultural crisis that was deepening in the modern times; the second reason is social target which aimed to fully control social resources; the third reason is political target which aimed to fight against the Agrarian Revo- lution of CPC. To attain the purposes, Kuomintang government took the government controlled co- operation system over China by forcing people from top to bottom to accept the system at that time. Because of the control of Kuomintang government, the cooperatives at that time have deviated from the three basic cooperation principles, including voluntary, democratic management and mutual aid of the members. System dissimilation makes the rural cooperation movement developed toward an anti -people position, which was finallv abandan,~d h 1,~

关 键 词：国民党政府 农村合作运动 合作社 制度异化 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]