康熙帝与明孝陵:关于族群征服和王朝更替的记忆重构  

The Qing Emperor Kangxi and the Ming Tomb: Memory Reconstruction of Ethnic Conquest and Dynasty Replacement

作　　者：李恭忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学系,南京210093

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2014年第2期126-134,159-160,共9页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(11CSH001)

摘　　要：康熙皇帝五次亲自拜谒明太祖的孝陵,并为明孝陵题写了"治隆唐宋"碑。这些行为体现了以"镜鉴"模式引导士人记忆方向的策略,明孝陵这一符号背后的记忆焦点首先由"满与汉"这一独特的、隐含对抗性的族群问题,被转化为"古与今"这个一般性的历史问题,进而转化为"治与乱"这一具体的现实行政问题。同时,这些行为也体现了康熙帝超越满汉界限、积极汲取儒家文化资源、主动汇入中华文明主流谱系的努力。康熙帝与明孝陵的故事,为清朝皇帝的中国认同提供了一个支持性的注脚。The Qing Emperor Kangxi went for five times to pay homage to the Tomb of the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang,and inscribed his own calligraphy in praise of the Emperor. All these could be awise strategy of orienting the historical memory of Chinese intellectuals by exemplification. With the symbol of the Ming Tomb,the collective memory was shifted from the hideous ethnic conflicts between Han nationality and Man nationality to a general historic conflicts between the past and present,thus to a commonplace administrative problem of order and disorder. The meaning of the Emperor Kangxi's homage to the Ming Emperor goes well beyond the ethnic boundary,for it shows the Qing Emperor took over eagerly the cultural treasure of Confucianism so as to get merged up in Chinese civilization. The record of the Emperor Kangxi and his homage to the Ming Tomb provides us a supportive evidence for the fact that the Qing rulers were ready to have their Chinese identities.

关 键 词：康熙帝 明孝陵 “镜鉴”模式 记忆重构 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]