地表冲沟条件下悬空管道的力学模型与延寿分析  

A mechanical model and life extension analysis of the suspended pipelines under the condition of geological gulch

作　　者：张鹏[1] 魏韡[2] 崔立伟[2] 龙晓丹[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学土木工程与建筑学院 [2]西南石油大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2014年第4期142-148,共7页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:50974105);中国工程院重大咨询研究项目(编号:2011-ZD-20);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(编号:20105121110003)

摘　　要：各种类型的地质灾害严重影响埋地油气管道的服役年限。为此,采用经典力学中的弹塑性地基模型和Winkler弹性地基模型进行理论建模,根据工程实际情况结合两种模型各自的优点,构建有限元实体模型,并选择冲沟引发管道悬空为研究对象进行仿真计算,得到悬空管道结构与强度、刚度之间的定量关系;进而提出了通过减小重量变动,改变材料组成及结构,来提高悬空管道抗弯性能的技术思路,即借鉴碳纤维材料强固技术提升钢筋混凝土梁柱的抗弯曲和抗剪切能力的经验,设计管道的强固结构。在此基础上,综合分析管道悬空力学模型的理论数据和工程相似性。结果表明:①使用碳纤维材料来强固管道结构,可以改善管道抗弯和抗剪切能力,并且可开展实验进行定量研究;②碳纤维强固技术在管道设计与施工阶段的运用,可作为地质灾害下管道延寿工程的源头治理方法之一。Various types of geological disasters will seriously affect the service life of buried oil and gas pipelines.To this end,the base and Winkler-type elastic foundation models were used for theoretical modeling.Based on the actual situation and characteristics of the said two models,we got a quantitative relationship between the suspended pipeline structure and strength ＆ rigidity by establishing the finite element solid model and selecting the pipeline suspension caused by geological gulch as the study object to carry out simulation.Then,we put forward a technical scheme to improve the bending resistance performance of the suspended pipeline by reducing the weight change and changing the composition and structure of materials.Therefore,we designed the pipeline reinforcing structure by using the carbon fiber reinforced plastic （CFRP） for reference to enhance the bending resistance and shear resistance capacity of reinforced concrete beams and columns.Moreover,we also made a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical data and engineering similarities of the suspended pipeline mechanical model.The results showed that carbon fiber is useful in reinforcing the pipe structure,thus improving the pipeline bending and shear resistance and making it possible for the quantitative research via experiments.In conclusion,the application of CFRP to pipeline design and construction stage can be regarded as one of the source control methods for pipeline service life extension engineering in case of geological disasters.

关 键 词：地质冲沟 油气管道 悬空管道 弹塑性地基 Winkler弹性地基 碳纤维强固 延寿 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]