浙江省部分农村环境卫生现况调查  

A survey on the situation of rural environmental health conditions in Zhejiang province

作　　者：蔡建民[1] 陈志健[1] 楼晓明[1] 王晓峰[1] 陈卫中[1] 任丽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生所,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第8期1380-1381,1390,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省农村环境卫生现状,及早发现问题,为新农村建设提供科学依据。预防环境卫生问题引起急、慢性疾病的发生。方法选择有代表性县、乡镇、村,通过查阅资料、入户访谈、现场观察的方式开展生活工业污水、垃圾、厕所排放与处理措施现状调查。结果调查显示农村爱国卫生运动取得成效,垃圾及污水排放处理管理趋于有序;卫生厕所普及率提高;家庭环境卫生状况有较大好转。同时还有存在一些卫生问题,如生活垃圾堆放二次污染、工业与养殖业垃圾污水直接排放、部分垃圾处理厂处理能力和工艺不足等。结论农村环境卫生仍然不容乐观,主要是生活、工业污水、垃圾等处理工艺还不能满足要求、卫生厕所普及率以及无害化效果有待提高。Objective The aim of this study was to study the situation of rural environmental health conditions in Zhejiang province, in order to support the new countryside construction and prevent disease from the perspective of environmental health. Methods Typical counties, towns and villages were randomly selected, and surveys on sewage and rubbish disposal as well as toilet sanitation were conducted. Results Compareing to the data in 2007, the situation of rural environmental health condition was much better due to the patriotic health campaigns. More sewage and rubbish were processed in a unified way. A higher distribution of sanitary toilets was found. Sanitation status at households level was better. But there were still some environmental health problems, such as poor sanitation at rubbish collecting point, direct dumping of sewage and rubbish, low capacity of rubbish disposal and so on. Conclusion The situation of rural environmental health condition in Zhejiang province was not optimistic, especially there was limited capacity for sewage and rubbish disposal, low distribution of sanitary toilets, inefficiency in non-hazardous treatment of excreta and so on.

关 键 词：农村环境卫生 卫生厕所 垃圾污水处理 粪便无害化 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]