县级测土配方施肥指标体系建立研究—以江苏省江都市水稻为例  

Study on index system for soil testing and formulated fertilization—A case study of rice of Jiangdu City in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：毛伟 李文西 唐宝国[2] 曾洪玉[2] 张富春 高晖 

机构地区：[1]扬州市土壤肥料站,江苏扬州225101 [2]江都市农业技术推广中心,江苏江都225200

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2014年第2期396-406,共11页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：全国测土配方施肥专项经费(2005-2012年)资助

摘　　要：以江苏省江都市水稻为例,基于地力差减法预测氮肥用量、养分丰缺指标法预测磷钾肥用量,构建县域测土配方施肥指标体系,研究分析2005 2011年测土配方施肥田间试验示范。结果表明,当种植水稻预测目标产量为6825 9270 kg/hm2(平均为8145 kg/hm2),氮肥推荐用量为146.4 257.4 kg/hm2(平均为207.5 kg/hm2)。磷钾肥施用标准:当有效磷含量高于21 mg/kg,不推荐施用磷肥;当有效磷含量在17 21 mg/kg时,推荐施磷(P2O5)量为40.5 kg/hm2;当有效磷含量在10 17 mg/kg时,推荐施磷(P2O5)量为48 kg/hm2;当有效磷含量低于10mg/kg时,推荐施磷(P2O5)量为64.5 kg/hm2。当速效钾含量高于140 mg/kg,不推荐施用钾肥;当速效钾含量在115 140 mg/kg时,推荐施钾(K2O)量为22.5 kg/hm2;当速效钾含量在60 115 mg/kg时,推荐施钾(K2O)量为40.5 kg/hm2;当速效钾含量低于60 mg/kg时,推荐施钾(K2O)量为82.5 kg/hm2。同时对施肥指标体系建立进行校验分析,结果表明基于试验建立施肥指标体系是可行的,从而为构建县域测土配方施肥指标体系提供了方法,达到因土施肥的目的。In this study, we constructed recommendation fertilization index system using rice as experimental materials at Jiangdu City in Jiangsu Province based on field experiments from 2005 to 2011, and determined N doses using soil fertility balance method, and determined P, K doses using nutrients abundance and deficiency index method. The results showed that when the target yield for rice was 6825-9270 kg/ba, averaging 8145 kg/ha, fertilizer N for rice was 146.4-257.4 kg/ha with an average of 207.5 kg/ha. Data indicated that when the the soil available P content exceeded 21 mg/kg, application of fertilizer P was unnecessary, and when the the soil available P content was ranged from 17 to 21 mg/kg, application amount of P205 should be 40.5 kg/ha, and when the soil available P content was ranged from 10 to 17 mg/kg, P205 application was 48 kg/ha, and when the soil available P content was below 10 kg/ha, application of P2Os was 64.5 kg/ha. Fertilizer K should not be applied when the soil available K content exceeded 140 mg/kg, and application K20 was 22.5 kg/ha when the soil available K content was from 115 to 140 mg/kg, and application of K20 was 40. 5 kg/ha when the soil available K content was ranged from 60 to 115 mg/kg, and application of K20 was 82.5 kg/ha when the soil available K content was below 60 mg/kg. Fertilization index system was based on the field experiments and its availabality was testified in the serve for soil testing and formulated fertilization.

关 键 词：施肥指标体系 地力差减法 养分丰缺指标法 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]