鹰嘴蜜桃养分累积分布特性与流胶病的关系  

Primary relationship between nutritional accumulation,distribution and gummosis on Yingzui peach

作　　者：李国良[1] 姚丽贤[2] 何兆桓[1] 周昌敏[1] 杨苞梅[1] 涂仕华 

机构地区：[1]1农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室、广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所、广东省养分循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]国际植物营养研究所成都办事处,四川成都610066

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2014年第2期421-428,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目;广东省科技计划项目(2008A020100022)资助

摘　　要：在广东省鹰嘴蜜桃产区挖取成熟期中高产鹰嘴桃3株,研究鹰嘴蜜桃的养分累积及分布特性与流胶病发生的关系,并开展鹰嘴蜜桃平衡施肥示范。结果表明,在鹰嘴蜜桃各器官中营养元素含量N、Ca、Mg、S、Mn、Cu、Zn、B,以叶片含量最高;Fe、Mo、Si含量以根最高;K含量以果肉最高;P含量在叶片、根和果肉中相差不大。每生产50 kg果实,鹰嘴蜜桃树体(除根系外)需要累积N 2.137 kg、P 0.184 kg、K 1.261 kg、Ca 2.119 kg、Mg 0.205kg、S 0.094 kg、Si 0.053 kg、Cu 582 mg、Zn 10912 mg、Fe 17847 mg、Mn 8689 mg、B 2152 mg、Mo 20.9 mg。每收获50 kg果实,其带走的养分量为N 0.620 kg、P 0.077 kg、K 0.678 kg、Ca 0.263 kg、Mg 0.035 kg、S 0.021 kg、Si0.003 kg、Cu 226 mg、Zn 1651 mg、Fe 3601 mg、Mn 436 mg、B 958 mg、Mo 8.8 mg。初步推断出鹰嘴蜜桃流胶病的发生是与其树体K/N低和N/B高有关。通过平衡施肥示范可有效减轻流胶病的发生,明显提高鹰嘴蜜桃果实品质和风味。The nutrient distributions in the different parts of Yingzui peach tree were analyzed and the relationship between the nutrient distribution and burst of gummosis was studied in the main production area in Guangdong. Three Yingzui peach trees were dig out at fruit maturation stage to investigate. The result showed that the nutrient distribution patterns from various nutrients in Yingzui peach plant were concentrated in foliar tissues, and the contents of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, copper, zinc and boron were highest, while the contents of iron, molybdenum and silicon were highest in roots, but the distribution of phosphorus in leaf, root and pulp was almost identical. Preliminary analysis showed that gummosis of Yingzui peach was caused by shortage of potassium and overuse of nitrogen, and abundant nitrogen and deficiency of boron in plnat could lead to generation of gummosis in Yingzui peach.

关 键 词：鹰嘴蜜桃 养分累积特性 流胶病 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]