Applicability of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility （CMS） as a Reliable Biological Confinement Method for the Cultivation of Genetically Modified Maize in Germany  

作　　者：Heidrun Biickmann Alexandra Hiisken Joachim Schiemann 

机构地区：[1]Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Julius Kiihn-Institut-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Quedlinburg06484, Germany [2]Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut, Detmold 32756, Germany

出　　处：《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》2013年第5期385-403,共19页农业科学与技术（A）

摘　　要：The cultivation of genetically modified （GM） plants requires the reduction of an unwanted spread of genes （biological confinement）. Cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） inhibits the development of functional pollen, but nuclear restorer （RJ） genes and environmental impacts can restore the fertility. The aim of this study was to verify whether CMS in maize hybrids is a reliable confinement method for the prospective cultivation of GM maize in Germany. Two-year field experiments in three different environments were conducted with three CMS maize hybrids which vary in the CMS stability, one conventional maize variety （all yellow kernels） and white maize as pollen recipient. Tassel characteristics, pollen vitality and cross-pollination rates were investigated. The CMS stability was dependent on the genotype and the specific weather conditions per year and location. In all maize hybrids CMS was unstable. One CMS maize hybrid showed a high level of CMS stability and very low cross-pollination rates in any case （〈 1%）. The two other CMS maize hybrids developed more fluctuant and fertile tassels with few or many pollen, respectively. Compared with a conventional and fully fertile maize variety, cross-pollination of all CMS maize hybrids was strongly reduced （84%-99%）. In conclusion, the CMS trait can be proposed as a useful biological confinement method to reduce pollen-mediated gene flow from GM maize.

关 键 词：CMS pollen release biological confinement cross-pollination reduction GM maize （Zea mays L.）. 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S513