固体废弃物在超/近临界水中连续分解装置的研制  

An Apparatus for Continuous Treatment of Solid Wastes by Supercritical and Near-critical Water Reactions

作　　者：吕秀阳[1] 迫田章义[2] 铃木基之[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学二次资源化工国家专业实验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]东京大学生产技术研究所

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2001年第1期40-45,共6页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：日本学术振兴会未来开拓学术研究推进事业"环境负荷的影响评价与减轻" (Integrated field 5)资助项目。

摘　　要：利用超/近临界水具有的特性，探索固体废弃物在超/近临界水中的再资源化技术。由于固体废弃物的排出量非常庞大，只有同时引入连续过程才能进行有效处理。建立了一套近中试规模的固体物料在高温高压水中连续分解的反应装置，固体物料与水混成浆料供给反应器，解决了某些固体物料向高温高压反应器中的连续输送问题，浆料的固含量可达10%(wt)以上。并对模式物质——纤维素和木质素；实物——米糠、豆腐渣和稻壳等进行了连续分解实验，运行结果稳定。本工作证实了通过将固体废弃物与水混成浆料的方式，实现固体废弃物在超/近临界水中连续处理的可能性。A pilot-scale apparatus for continuous treatment of solid wastes by supercritical and near-critical water reactions was set up. A high-pressure slurry supplying system was developed to feed the solid waste/water slurries continuously. The apparatus features temperature up to 600℃, pressure up to 40MPa, residence time from 24s to 15min, maximum amount of slurry supply 2.4 L·h-1, maximum content of slurry up to 10%(wt) and resistance to corrosion. Long-time runs of decomposition of model substances(cellulose and lignin), real agricultural wastes(rice hull, rice bran, and bean curd residue) were made. Steady results were obtained. The possibility of continuous treatment of solid wastes by supercritical and near-critical water reactions was confirmed.

关 键 词：超/近临界水 固体废弃物 再资源化 连续分解装置 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ052[化学工程]