蚊香类散发污染物排放因子及颗粒物分布特征研究  

Experimental study on pollutants emission factors and particle size distribution when using mosquito repellents

作　　者：朱春[1,2] 李景广[2] 姚小龙[2] 沈嗣卿[2] 张亚雷[1] 王丽娜[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]上海市建筑科学研究院,上海201108 [3]华东理工大学,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2014年第4期38-42,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863计划")资助项目(No.2010AA064901)

摘　　要：应用大型空气质量实验舱平台,分别测试盘式固体蚊香、片型电蚊香和液体电蚊香的PM2.5和主要气态污染物散发量。采用定释放浓度法,获得PM2.5和主要气态污染物排放因子。结果显示,盘式固体蚊香、液体电蚊香、片型电蚊香的PM2.5排放因子分别为12.9、1.3、2.6mg/h,总挥发性有机物(TVOC)排放因子分别为103.4、69.5、58.8mg/h,甲醛排放因子分别为16.0、8.9、12.5mg/h,3种蚊香排放的主要苯系污染物排放水平相当,此外盘式固体蚊香还散发CO,排放因子为925.4mg/h。对盘式固体蚊香散发颗粒物的数浓度谱分布进行了拟合分析,发现数浓度谱分布具有良好的自模性,拟合得出计数中位径(CMD)为90nm,几何标准差(GSD)为1.65;假设蚊香释放颗粒物为密度1.4g/cm3的球形颗粒,利用质量浓度和数浓度谱分布特征反算得出各类蚊香散发颗粒物的数浓度排放因子。通过案例计算,发现房间在正常通风条件(换气次数为2.0次/h)下使用各类蚊香时散发的TVOC浓度将超标1.8~3.2倍,甲醛超标1.5~3.0倍;盘式固体蚊香散发的PM2.5超标近1.5倍,CO超标1.7倍。对封闭环境下,通风条件很差(换气次数为<0.5次/h),此时所有污染物浓度将增大4倍,污染更加严重。Series experiments were carried out in a large air quality experimental cabin to determine the pollu tants emission when using mosquito repellent. The experiments were operated by using constant injection method,the emission factors （EFs） of PM2 a and other gaseous pollutants from mosquito repellent coil,liquid electric mosquito-re pellent incense and mosquito-repellent electric mat were determined respectively. Results showed that PM2 ~ EFs of mosquito-repellent coil, liquid mosquito-repellent incense and mosquito-repellent electric mat were 12. 9, 1. 3,2. 6 mg/h,respectively. The corresponding values of TVOC EFs were 103.4,69.5,58.8 rag/h, respectively. For formal dehyde,their EFs were 16.0,8.9,12.5 mg/h, respectively. In addition,mosquito^repellent coil emitted CO as well and the CO EFs was 925.4 mg/h. The fitting analysis of particle size distribution （PSD） for mosquito-repellent coils pres- ented perfect self-preservation signature,and the simulation results of counted median diameter （CMD） and geometric standard deviation （GSD） were 90 nm and 1.65 respectively. Assuming that the particle matters emitted from mos quito repellent coils was spherical shaped particles with the density of 1.4 g/cm3 ,this paper calculate the EFs of total particle number on the basis of particles mass concentration and the corresponding PSD modeling results. As to an or dinary bedroom with air change rate of twice per hour,application of mosquito repellent would cause TVOC and form aldehyde concentration exceeding the relative standards by 1. 8 3. 2 and 1. 5 3.0 times. Furthermore, mosquito coil could also lead the PM2.9 and CO concentration of 1.5 and 1.7 times more than standard level. The sealed environ ment and poor-ventilated condition would elevated the pollutant concentration by 4 times,the pollution of air was even worse when application the mosquito repellent.

关 键 词：蚊香类排放因子(EF)PM2 5 颗粒物数浓度TVOC粒径分布 甲醛 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]