水电站渣场松散堆积物边坡植物措施防治灌草种选择研究  

Study of Selection of Shrub and Grass Species for Protection of Slope Plants of Unconsolidated Deposits of Hydropower Station

作　　者：王智慧[1] 王石贵 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南今禹生态工程咨询有限公司,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《绿色科技》2014年第4期204-206,共3页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划面上项目(编号:20070065M);西南林学院重点科研基金项目(编号:200509Z)资助

摘　　要：指出了植物品种选择是工程边坡植物防护措施关键,应从生态适应性、功能综合性、抗逆性等方面考虑选择。以金安桥水电站同时具有明挖和洞挖弃渣的渣场为研究对象,通过植被分析及灌草种适应性分析确定了适宜灌草种。灌草种发芽播种实验结果表明:选择的10种参试灌草种自然发芽率最高的为高羊茅80.89%,除火棘外其余9种灌草种自然发芽率均大于75%;洞挖弃渣块石过多,灌草种保存率均低于30%,覆土后进行植物措施;明挖弃渣和弃渣覆土发芽率均大于60%且其56d苗木保存率均大于60%的5种灌草种为:紫羊茅、白三叶、黑麦草、高羊茅、白三叶,其播种后6个月苗木生长高度也较好。选择以上5种灌木、草本植物,可满足渣场边坡的防护要求。The selection of plant species is key to plant protection measures of the slope land, and should be considered from the aspects of ecological adaptability, integrated functionality, resistance and so on. Taking the slag field with open cut and hole cut in Jin＇anqiao Hydropower Station for an example, this article determines the appropriate shrubs and grasses through the analysis of vegetation and adaptability of shrubs and grasses. The results of shrub and grass seeds planting germination experiment show that the highest natural germination rate among the ten kinds of selected shrub and grass seeds in the test is tall fescue, accounting for 80.89%, and except Pyracantha fortuneana, the natural germination rate of the other nine shrubs are higher than 75~/oo. As the hole cut has too much abandon stone, the survival rate of the shrub and grass seeds is less than 30%, and the hole cut should be covered with soil before taking the plant measures. The gerination rates of shrub and grass seeds in the open cut and spoil overburden are higher than 60% and there are five kinds of shrub and grass seeds which preserving rates of 56d seedlings are higher than 60~/oo, including Festuca rubra Linn, Trifolium repens Linn. , Lolium perenne L. , Festuca elate Keng and Trifolium repens Linn. , and also, after 6 months of planting, they have good growing height. Therefore, these five kinds of shrubs and grass can meet the requirements of slope protection.

关 键 词：水电站 弃渣场 植物防治措施 灌木 草本 

分 类 号：S157.433[农业科学—土壤学]