中国法下船舶所有权变动的交付生效要件与特约例外  

Delivery effectiveness conditions and agreement exceptions in ship ownership transfer under PRC Law

作　　者：郑蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海事大学学报》2014年第1期88-91,94,共5页Journal of Shanghai Maritime University

基　　金：上海海事大学校基金(20130440)

摘　　要：为探讨2012年3月31日最高人民法院发布的《最高人民法院关于审理买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》(以下称《解释》)第10条规定中存在的相关问题,根据我国《海商法》和《物权法》船舶所有权变动的规定,阐述《解释》第10条第1款和第3款规定在适用中可能产生的问题,指出:为避免引起歧义,有必要进一步明确,该第10条的解释应不适用于一船多卖下的某一买方根据船舶买卖合同约定的条件已合法取得船舶所有权的情况.当该买方已根据买卖合同的约定合法取得船舶所有权,依据物权主张权利时,请求权应当优先于其他买方的债权请求权.这样的解释符合私法自治的精神,也更有利于保护交易安全,鼓励船舶贸易的发展.To discuss the relevant issues arising from the provisions of Article 10 of Interpretation of the Supreme People＇ s Court on Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Trial of Disputes over Contracts on Purchase and Sale （hereinafter referred to as Interpretation） issued on 31 March 2012 by the Supreme People＇ s Court, the possible issues are elaborated arising from the application of provisions 1 and 3 of Article 10 of the Interpretation by reference to the pertinent provisions regarding the transfer of ship own- ership under Maritime Law and Property Law of PRC. To avoid any doubt, it is suggested to make it clear that Article 10 of the Interpretation shall not be applicable to the scenario where a buyer in multiple sale transactions of a ship has already duly obtained the ownership of the ship pursuant to the conditions agreed in the ship purchase and sale contract. If the buyer has already duly obtained the ownership of the ship pursuant to the conditions agreed in the ship purchase and sale contract, the buyer＇ s real fight shal｜ have priority over the obligatory rights of other buyers in multiple sale transactions of the ship. Such inter-pretation will be in compliance with the principle of autonomy of private law, and can better protect the safety of transactions and encourage the development of ship purchase and sale business.

关 键 词：海商法 物权法 船舶所有权 生效要件 交付 船舶买卖 

分 类 号：D923.993[政治法律—民商法学] D926.21[政治法律—法学]