中国2011年脊髓灰质炎实验室网络的运转与监测  

The Running Status and Evaluation of China Polio Laboratory Network in 2011

作　　者：李晓嫘[1] 祝双利[1] 张勇[1] 朱晖[1] 王东艳[1] 严冬梅[1] 檀晓娟[1] 姬奕昕[1] 黄国虹[1] 王慧玲[1] 蒋华芳[1] 安洪秋[1] 许文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所卫生部医学病毒学和病毒病重点实验室世界卫生组织西太平洋区脊髓灰质炎参比实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2014年第2期132-137,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：行驶世界卫生组织西太平洋区脊髓灰质炎参比实验室职能;2011年卫生部新疆维吾尔自治区输入脊髓灰质炎野病毒疫情应对专项

摘　　要：目的对中国2011年脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)实验室网络(Polio Laboratories Network,PLN)监测数据(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)进行统计分析,为应对新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)输入Ⅰ型脊灰野病毒(Tepe1 Wild Poliovirus,WPVⅠ)疫情和维持中国无脊灰提供科学支撑。方法分析中国2011年免疫规划监测信息管理系统数据库中,31个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)报告的急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute Flaccid Paralysis,AFP)病例个案调查表和中国疾病预防控制中心(Center for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC)病毒病预防控制所国家脊灰实验室(National Polio Laboratory,NPL)的监测数据库,评价PLN的各项运转指标。结果中国2011年PLN共收集了6205例AFP病例的12 253份粪便标本,合格粪便标本采集率为90.9%。从6089例AFP病例中分离到脊灰病毒(Poliovirus,PV)的207例,分离率为3.4%;分离到非脊灰肠道病毒(Non-polio Enterovirus,NPEV)的782例,分离率为12.8%。NPL收到中国PLN送检的PV 594株,鉴定结果:9例为疫苗衍生(Vaccine-derived)PV(VDPV),其中Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型1例;53例为WPVⅠ,21例来源于WPV病例,30例来源于AFP病例接触者或健康人群。2份环境污水来源于新疆和田地区环境监测。2011年NPL和31个省级CDC脊灰实验室通过了世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)PV分离与鉴定的盲样标本考核;NPL还通过了PV荧光定量聚合酶链反应型内鉴定和PV核苷酸序列测定和分析的盲样考核;NPL和13个省级CDC脊灰实验室接受并通过了WHO的现场认证考核。结论中国2011年PLN维持着高水平的运转,及时发现和鉴定了VDPV病例、新疆输入WPVⅠ和局部爆发疫情,为卫生部制订应对WPV和VDPV的免疫策略,为阻断WPV和VDPV的传播提供了重要的科学依据。Objective In order to provide the laboratory foundation for response to wild poliovirus （WPV） outbreak and maintain polio-free status in China, the virology surveillance database of China polio laboratories network（PLN, not included Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Sheng） in 2011 were analyzed. Methods The case investigation forms of acute flaccid paralysis （AFP） cases reported by 31 provinces （ municipalities, autonomous regions ） through national immunization programme surveillance information management system and the database of national polio laboratory （NPL） were analyzed, and the indicators of running status of Chinese PLN were evaluated. Results 12,253 stool samples were collected from 6,205 AFP cases by Chinese PLN in 2011, and all stool samples were performed viral isolation and identification, 207 polioviruses （PV） were isolated from 207 AFP cases, and nonpolio enteroviruses were isolated from 782 AFP cases, the isolation rate was 3.4% and 12.8% respectively. 594 single serotype PV positive isolates were sent to NPL by 31 provincial polio laboratories. 9 Vaccine-derived PV （VDPV） were found, including 1 type 1 from ambiguaus VDPV （aVDPV） ease. 7 type 2,4 from aVDPV cases, 1 from a immunodeficieacy-associated VDPV（iVDPV） case, 1 from contact and 1 from health people. 1 type 3 from iVDPV case. There are 53 cases WPV type 1 were found in 2011,21 eases WPV from AFP cases,30 eases WPV from contact or health people,and 2 cases WPV from Xinjiang environment surveillance. NPL passed the proficiency test of viral isolation, real-time polymerase chain reaction intratypici dentifieation, and VP1 sequencing with full scores, and also got full accredited for on-site review by WHO experts in 2011. All 31 Provincial Polio Laboratories passed the viral isolation proficiency test with the same panel as NPL, and 13 Provincial Polio Laboratories also passed the on-site review by WHO experts. Conclusions The running status of China

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎实验室网络 疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒 脊髓灰质炎野病毒 

分 类 号：R373.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]