区域地下水系统防污性能评价方法探讨与验证--以鲁北平原为例  

The Method for Regional Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment and the Verification of the Assessment Results: A Case Study of the Northern Shandong Plain

作　　者：刘春华[1,2] 张光辉[1] 王威 孟素花[1] 杨丽芝[2] 纪汶龙[2] 刘治政[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [2]山东省地质调查院,山东济南250013 [3]山东省第一地质矿产勘查院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《地球学报》2014年第2期217-222,共6页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41172214);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号:1212010634603)联合资助

摘　　要：区域地下水系统防污性能评价,面临影响因子多又复杂、评价指标难以客观性选定和权重不易确定等难题,以至严重影响评价结果的可信性。本文以鲁北平原为例,在以往地下水脆弱性评价常用的DRASTIC模型基础上,采用创新的迭置指数方法,改进为"DRITCS法",选择地下水位埋深、包气带综合岩性、地表2 m内单层厚度大于0.5 m的粘土层厚、含水砂层厚度及其渗透系数、和地下水净补给量等因子,组成区域地下水系统防污性能评价模型。合理地确定了区域地下水系统防污性能评价中关键指标——包气带粘性土层变化影响,并在鲁北平原示范性应用和通过以面源污染为主的三氮污染现状验证的结果表明:本文提出的方法能够客观地反映流域性相变造成的地下水系统防污性能空间差异性和区位分布特征,具有较强的实用性。In regional groundwater vulnerability assessment, the impact factors are multiple and complex, and hence it is difficult to determine the evaluation system and the weights of factors objectively. This problem has affected the credibility of the assessment results. Selecting the Northern Shandong Plain as the study area, the authors used innovative overlay and index method. The conventional DRASTIC model was improved and converted into DRITCS model to evaluate groundwater vulnerability. The evaluation factors of DRITCS model included the groundwater depth, integrated lithology of the aeration zone, thickness of clay layer with the thickness of a single layer over 0.5 m within 2 m of land surface, aquifer thickness, permeability coefficient, and net recharge. A key factor in groundwater vulnerability assessment was determined reasonably, which represented the changes of the clay layer in the aeration zone. The DRITCS model was used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability in northern Shandong plain as an example and was verified by nitrogen pollution status＆amp;nbsp;of the study area. The verification of groundwater vulnerability assessment results of northern Shandong plain indicates that the proposed method can reflect objectively the spatial differences and regional distribution characteristics of groundwater vulnerability caused by phase transition of the basin. It is proved that the DRITCS Model has good practicability.

关 键 词：区域地下水 防污性能 包气带 粘性土层 评价与验证 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.6