大田淹水对夏玉米叶片衰老特性的影响  

Effect of waterlogging on leaf senescence characteristics of summer maize in the field

作　　者：任佰朝[1] 张吉旺[1] 李霞[1] 范霞[1] 董树亭[1] 赵斌[1] 刘鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第4期1022-1028,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设经费(SDAIT-01-022-05);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203100);山东省玉米良种工程项目;国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2011BAD16B09)资助

摘　　要：选用登海605(DH605)和郑单958(ZD958)为试验材料,在大田条件下研究了不同淹水时期(三叶期、拔节期和开花后10 d)和持续时间(3 d、6 d)淹水对夏玉米叶片衰老特性的影响.研究表明:淹水胁迫后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)等保护酶活性以及可溶性蛋白含量较不淹水对照显著下降,而丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,三叶期淹水6 d后DH605和ZD958的含量较对照分别升高35.3%和34.1%.淹水胁迫后叶片叶绿素含量降低,产量显著下降.三叶期淹水6 d对夏玉米产量的影响最大,DH605和ZD958较对照分别减产32.1%和35.2%.不同生育期中,三叶期淹水造成的影响最大,拔节期次之,开花后10 d淹水造成的影响较小,且影响程度随淹水持续时间的延长而加剧.Taking two summer maize hybrids Zhengdan 958 （ZD958） and Denghai 605 （DH605） as experimental materials, a field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of waterlogging for different durations （3 and 6 days） on leaf senescence characteristics of summer maize at the three- leaf stage （ V3 ）, six-leaf stage （ V6 ）, and 10 days after the tasseling stage （10VT）. Results showed that superoxide dismutase （SOD）, eatalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） activities and soluble protein content decreased significantly after waterlogging. However, the content of malondi- aldehyde （MDA） increased significantly by 35.3% and 34.1% for DH605 and ZD958, respective- ly. The leaf chlorophyll content and grain yield of summer maize decreased significantly after water- logging. The grain yields of DH605 and ZD958 after waterlogging for 6 days at V3 were most seri- ously affected, which were decreased by 32.1% and 35.2% , respectively. Overall, the summer maize was most susceptible to the effect of waterlogging at V3, followed by V6 and 10VT, and the influence extent increased with the increase of waterlogging duration.

关 键 词：夏玉米 大田淹水 叶片衰老特性 产量 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S513[农业科学—农艺学]