添加竹炭对猪粪堆肥过程中升温脱水及氮素损失的影响  

Effects of bamboo biochar addition on temperature rising,dehydration and nitrogen loss during pig manure composting

作　　者：黄向东[1,2] 薛冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]洛阳理工学院环境工程与化学系,河南洛阳471023 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第4期1057-1062,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101222);河南省科技厅发展计划项目(112300410139;122102310333);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A610788)资助

摘　　要：堆肥是实现畜禽粪便处理及资源化利用的有效途径，但传统堆肥过程存在升温脱水效果不佳及氮素损失的问题．本文利用猪粪进行堆肥试验，探讨了堆肥过程中添加不同比例竹炭对堆肥升温脱水及氮素损失的影响．结果表明：与不添加竹炭的对照相比，添加竹炭处理可以使堆体升温时间缩短24—48h，脱水率提高13．6％～21．4％，堆肥高温期持续时间延长216～264h；添加竹炭处理可以增加堆肥铵态氮、硝态氮及总氮含量，使氮素固定率提高28．3％～65．4％．Composting is an effective way to realize the ＇treatment and recycling of livestock manure. However, traditional composting process has the problems of slow temperature rising, poor dehydra- tion effect and serious nitrogen loss. Composting experiments of pig manure were carried out to in- vestigate the influence of different rates of bamboo biochar addition on the temperature rising speed, dehydration effect and nitrogen loss during the composting process. The results showed that the ad- dition of bamboo biochar could shorten the temperature rising time of the pile by 24-48 h, increase the dehydration rate by 13.6% -21.4%, and prolong the lasting time of the thermophilic phase by 216-264 h. The NH4＋-N, NOa--N, and total nitrogen contents in the pile were higher under the treatments with bamboo biochar amendment than under the control, and moreover, the nitrogen fixation percentage increased by 28.3%-65.4% as compared to the control.

关 键 词：竹炭 猪粪 堆肥 温度 脱水 氮素损失 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X713[农业科学—农业基础科学]