HiHiLo对优秀古典跤运动员备战全运会赛前减控体重期间部分生理生化指标的影响  

Influence of Pre-competition HiHiLo Training on the Physiological Indicators of Elite GrecoRoman Wrestlers during Weight Control Period

作　　者：安江红[1] 赵凡[1] 赵之光[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市体育科学研究所,北京100075

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2014年第2期115-118,182,共5页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：目的：探讨以减重为目的的高住高练低训（HiHiLo）对优秀摔跤运动员赛前减控体重期间身体成分及部分生理生化指标的影响。方法：12名摔跤运动员分为对照组和实验组。每组6人。对照组在常氧环境下居住和正常训练。实验组在保证正常训练情况下进行为期4周的HiHiLo训练。即低氧睡眠（氧浓度14．7％）10h/d，6d／周，低氧训练（氧浓度15．4％）采用50％。60％VO2max强度和间歇递增强度运动方式，每周3次，每次持续60分钟。实验前后测试体成分、瘦素、睾酮／皮质醇（T／C）、最大摄氧量。结果：实验组第3周和第4周体重、去脂体重、脂肪含量均显著下降（P〈0．05）；实验组和对照组T／C值在慢速减体重期即前3周均维持在一个稳定水平。快速减体重期实验组和对照组运动员TIC值与控重前相比均显著下降，实验组T／C值降低幅度相对较小：实验组最大摄氧量对应功率与训练前比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：以减重为目的的4周HiHiLo训练更有利于减少机体脂肪比例并较好地保持瘦体重成分，对运动员恢复能力和竞技能力未造成影响。即使在赛前减控重期，运动员肌肉做功效率仍在一定程度上得到提高。较好地保持了有氧能力。Objective This research was to observe the influence of pre-competition HiHiLo training on the physiological indicators of 6 elite Chinese Greco-Roman wrestlers during weight control period. Methods 12 wrestlers were equally divided into control and experimental groups. Control group lived in normoxic environment and underwent regular training. Experimental group lived in a hypoxic chamber （simulated altitude of 2800 m）lO hours a day,6 days a week for a total of 6 weeks,and exercised 3 sessions a week,60 minutes per session at the intensity of 50% -60% VO：zmax in a hypoxic chamber （simulated altitude of 2500 m）. The body composition,leptin,serum testosterone/cortisol ratio （TIC） ,and maximal oxygen uptake （VO：zmax）were measured before and after the experiment. Results As compared with the control group,the body weight and fat percentage in experimental group decreased significantly（P 〈 0.05 ）in the third and fourth week of HiHiLo training and the TIC remained unchanged; the power corresponding to maximal oxygen uptake in experimental group increased significantly （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Four -week pre -competition weight -loss -oriented HiHiLo training reduced body weight effectively without disadvantageous impact on the aerobic capacity of wrestlers.

关 键 词：HIHILO 减控体重 体成分 睾酮 皮质醇 最大摄氧量 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]