高分子纳米材料与血浆蛋白的相互作用  

Interaction of Polymeric Nanomaterials with Plasma Proteins

作　　者：钟大根[1] 刘宗华[1] 左琴华[1] 薛巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生物材料广东高校重点实验室生物医学工程系,广州510632

出　　处：《化学进展》2014年第4期638-646,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81101151;31271019)资助~~

摘　　要：由于纳米材料具有独特的物理和化学性能,使其在许多领域被广泛应用。纳米材料使用的日益增多要求我们仔细评估其难以预料的毒性(细胞毒性、溶血毒性、血液毒性和免疫毒性)和生物学相互作用。到目前为止,已有大量的研究旨在探索纳米材料与人的细胞或蛋白之间的相互作用,也取得了一些重要成果。在临床应用中,有些生物医用纳米材料常通过静脉注射、渗透、溶解和扩散等方式引入到血液组织中。血液是一种高度复杂的组织,主要由红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血浆组成。其中血浆是一个复杂的体液,它包含超过3700种不同的蛋白质。无论采用哪种方式,这些纳米材料将不可避免地会与丰富的血浆蛋白(或其他血液成分)发生某种联系和相互作用。然而,纳米材料和血浆蛋白之间的相互作用,可能在决定纳米材料的毒性方面起到至关重要的作用。目前对纳米材料与血浆蛋白(或其他血液成分)在分子水平会发生怎样的相互作用知之甚少。本文主要综述了典型的三类高分子纳米材料(包括聚阳离子,高分子胶束和药物(基因)/载体复合纳米粒子)与血浆蛋白的相互作用以及研究这些相互作用相关的分析技术的研究进展,这些内容对体内使用的纳米材料的分子设计和血液安全性非常重要。Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials have been widely used in a number of fields. The growing use of nanomaterial requires careful assessment of unexpected toxicities （cytotoxicity, hemolytic toxicity, haematological toxicity and immunogenicity toxicity ） and biological interactions. To present, there have been a large number of studies aimed at examining and understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and human cells or proteins, and some achievement has been made in the research. In clinical applications, some biomedical nanomaterials are often introduced into the blood tissue by intravenous administration, penetration, solubilization, diffusion, etc. Blood is a highly complexity tissue composed mainly of red blood cells , white cells, platelets, and plasma. Among them, blood plasma is a complex fluid containing over 3700 different proteins. In any case, the contact and interaction of the nanomaterials with highly abundant plasma proteins are unavoidable. However, the interactions between nanomaterials and blood plasma may play a crucial role in determining the toxicity of nanomaterials. To date, little is known about how nanomaterials will interact with plasma proteins （or other blood components） at molecular level. Here we mainly review recent research that involves the interaction of three representative polymeric nanomaterials （polycations, polymeric micelles, and drug （gene）/carrier composite nanoparticles） with plasma proteins and their associated diverse analytical techniques. This knowledge is important from the perspective of molecular design and blood safety of nanomaterials for in vivo applications.

关 键 词：高分子纳米材料 血浆蛋白 血液相容性 安全性 相互作用 

分 类 号：O63[理学—高分子化学] Q51[理学—化学]