云南玉龙雪山自然保护区小型兽类群落系统聚类分析与区系研究  

Clustering Analysis and Fauna Study on Small Mammal Fauna in Yulong Mt.Nature Reserve, Yunnan

作　　者：龚正达[1] 吴厚永[2] 段兴德[1] 冯锡光[1] 和应天 刘泉[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省流行病防治研究所,云南大理671000 [2]中国军事医学科学院微生物流行病学研究所,北京100071 [3]云南省丽江县卫生防疫站,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《地方病通报》2001年第1期67-73,共7页Endemic Diseases Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目! (3960 0 1 0 ) ;云南省科委匹配基金资助项目! (97C0 0 6D)

摘　　要：:1998年 10月～ 1999年 6月 ,对云南丽江玉龙雪山自然保护区五种森林植被带采用夹日法进行小型兽类的垂直分布调查 ,共获小兽 5目 8科 17属 2 7种 ,共 15 30只 ;文中对各小兽群落结构、物种丰富度、物种多样性 ,均匀度和生态优势进行了测定和比较 ,认为群落稳定性最高是针阔叶混交林 ,而最低是农耕区。通过采用系统聚类和极点排序分析方法对各植被带小兽类进行数值分类 ,明确了该山系两大动物区系的分界线和各垂直带小兽分布的区系范畴 ;研究认为 ,海拔高度 (垂直带性 )是制约山地动物区系分布的主导因素 ,人们的生产活动对小兽群落有重要影响 ;此外 ,还对地处分界线的温凉性针阔叶混交林小兽群落特征。Small mammals communities were studied in five representations locations in the Yulong Mt. Nature Reserve (100°10′～100°20′E, 27°10′～27°40′N.) during October, 1998～ June, 1999. During the field season we collected 1 530 small mammal specimens, which belonged to 27 species, 17 genera, 8 families and 5 orders. Community structure, species diversity, evenness and ecological dominance indices of the small mammals communities were measured and compared. Stability of small mammals communities was the highest in the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest and the lowest in cultivated area. The vertical distribution of 27 species of small mammals was investigated on open slope of Yulong Mountain. 15 species (55.56%) belong to Oriental realm, 9 species (33.33%) belong to Palaearctic realm, and 3 species (11.11%) are wide spread species. All the small mammals in the five habitats can be separated into two fauna groups, Orental realm and Palaearctic realm. In each group, the small mammals communities of higher altitude region had less similarity to that of lower altitude regions. The elevation of 2 900 m (in cool temperte coniferous and broadleaf mixed for est) was the boundary between the two realm in Yulong Mountain. The results suggest that human activity has an important effect on the community of small mammals. Presumably altitude is the most important factor affecting the distribution of two animal faunae. In addition, the characteristics of small mammal community and animal fauna of coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest in the cross area between Oriental and Palaearctic was analyzed and discussed.

关 键 词：小型兽类 区系群落 聚类分析 玉龙雪山 云南 自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.155[生物学—动物学]