云南省澜沧江下游地区蚊虫群落及地理生态位的研究  

Study on the Mosquito Communities and the Geographical Niche of the Lower Reaches Area of Lancang River in Yunnan Province

作　　者：张云智[1] 张海林[1] 龚正达[1] 米竹青[1] 章域震[1] 杨卫红[1] 周红宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省流行病防治研究所,云南大理671000 [2]云南省疟疾防治研究所,云南思茅665000

出　　处：《地方病通报》2001年第1期74-80,共7页Endemic Diseases Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目! (39760 0 0 6) ;云南省应用基础研究基金资助项目! (98C0 1 2 D)

摘　　要：对云南省澜沧江下游地区 7县 (市 )的 14个乡镇蚊虫群落的优势种组成及分布、集中性指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数和地理生态位宽度进行了分析。结果表明农村畜圈及人房周围夜间活动蚊虫优势种共 7个 ,包括三带喙库蚊、棕头库蚊、迷走按蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊、霜背库蚊、中华按蚊和菲律宾按蚊 ;野外竹林树林白天活动蚊虫优势种 6个 ,分别为白纹伊蚊、圆斑伊蚊、多栉领蚊、骚扰阿蚊、刺扰伊蚊和伪白纹伊蚊 ;蚊虫多样性指数变化顺序 :农村畜圈及人房周围生态为勐腊县关累镇 ( 2 .132 )、景洪市大勐龙乡 ( 2 .0 18)、勐腊县象明乡 ( 1.892 )、景洪市城郊 ( 1.85 6 )、孟连县勐马乡 ( 1.842 )、景洪市勐罕乡 ( 1.82 3)、思茅市城郊 ( 1.6 88)、勐腊县城郊 ( 1.6 5 9)、勐海县城郊 ( 1.5 5 7)、思茅市思茅港 ( 1.5 2 7)、澜沧县雅口乡( 1.40 1)、勐海县打洛镇 ( 1.12 1)、澜沧县东郎乡 ( 0 .814)和普洱县同兴乡 ( 0 .5 5 3) ;野外竹林树林生态为景洪市城郊( 1.841)、勐腊县城郊 ( 1.743)、景洪市大勐龙乡 ( 1.2 78)、孟连县勐马乡 ( 1.16 0 )、澜沧县东朗乡 ( 1.0 77)、勐海县打洛镇( 1.0 31)和澜沧县雅口乡 ( 0 .741) ;各地蚊虫多样性指数较大 ,差异不显著。夜间活动蚊虫中 ,三带喙库蚊、迷走按蚊。The mosquito communities were investigated in 14 counties in the Lower Reaches Area of Lancang River in Yunnan Province.The results showed that there were 7 dominant species of night actived mosquitoes around domestic animal and human house in the rural area and 6 dominant species of day actived mosquitoes in the groves of bamboo and woods.They were Culex tritaeniorhynchus,C.fuscocephalus,Anopheles vagus,C.pseudovishnui,C.whitmorei,A.sinensis,A.philippinesis,Aedes.albopictus,Ae.annandalei,Heizmannia reidi,Armigeres subalbatus,Ae.vexans and Ae.pseudalbopictus.The diversity index value of night actived mosquito communities were Guanlei Town(2.132),Damenglong Countryside(2.018),Xianming Countryside (1.892) ,Jinghong City(1.856),Mengma Countryside(1.842),Menghang Countryside(1.823),Shimao City (1.688) ,Shimao Port(1.527),Yako Countryside(1.401),Daluo Town(1,121),Donglan Countryside(0.814) and Tongxing Countryside (0.553); The diversity index value of day actived mosquito communities were Jinghong City(1.841),Mengla City(1.743),Damenglong Town(1.278),Mengma Countryside(1.160),Donglan Countryside(1.158),Mengzhe Countryside(1.095)and Yako Countryside(0.741).The biggest geographical niche breadth to night actived mosquitoes is C.tritaeniorhynchus(0.786),A.vagus(0.773),C.fuscocephalus (0.755) and A.sinensis(0.738).The biggest geographical niche breadth to day actived mosquitoes is Ae.albopictus(0.826).

关 键 词：蚊虫 群落结构 生理生态位 澜沧江下游地区 云南 

分 类 号：Q969.442.1[生物学—昆虫学] Q968.2