移栽机主梁的有限元分析与优化设计——基于Ansys Workbench  

The Finite Element Analysis and Optimum Design on Main Girder of Transplanting Machine Based on Ansys Workbench

作　　者：张小志[1] 李旭英[1] 田阳[1] 迟明路 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《农机化研究》2014年第5期79-82,共4页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2011MS0724);内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队项目(NDPYTD2010-8)

摘　　要：目前,针对移栽机的研究设计多为理论设计,其缺点是整机质量偏重,对拖拉机牵引力要求高,同时机具购置费和燃油费等均较高,这些阻碍了移栽机在农村的推广应用,必须合理优化其结构尺寸以达到减少整机质量的目的。为此,以移栽机主梁为例论述了基于有限元软件Ansys Workbench的优化步骤和方法,建立了吊杯式移栽机主梁的有限元模型,确定了移栽机在被拖拉机牵引托起的情况下主梁所受载荷和约束等边界条件。根据国家标准和理论计算,初步确定主梁选用材料为Q235、宽度B=100mm、厚度t=5mm的方钢,并应用Ansys Workbench软件的Static Structure模块对其进行了结构静力学分析计算,得出了此条件下主梁的等效应变和等效应力分布云图。然后,在Ansys Workbench下,应用多目标优化设计的方法对主梁的结构尺寸进行优化,确定了优化后主梁的结构尺寸,达到减少整机的质量和降低拖拉机牵引力的目的;同时,应用有限元优化设计的方法不仅降低了移栽机的生产和使用成本,也满足了节能生产的要求,更利于移栽机的推广使用。At present , the design of the transplanting machine almost is designed by theoretical method ,which caused the machine too heavy , and it need be driven by much more powerful .At the same time , farmers need to spend more money to buy machine and fuel .So it will be hindered the promotion use of transplanting machine ,and the method will optimize structure parameters of the machine in order to reduce the quality of the whole machine .Based on the transplanting ma-chine girder as an example to to discuss a kind of optimization methods and steps , the finite element model of main girder was established basing on Ansys Workbench software .Boundary conditions were determined such as load and constraint under the condition of transplanting machine being dragged up .The modal was used to make structure static analysis , and its material is Q235 .The dimensions of square steel were measured the width B =100 mm and thickness t =5 mm accord-ing to the national standard and the theoretical calculation .Through the analysis of main girder , the deflection and equiva-lent stress distribution nephogram is calculated .Then application the method of multi-objective optimization design opti-mize structure parameters of the main girder under the Workbench , and the optimized structure parameters of the main girder were determined .And the consequence not only reduces the quality of the whole machine , but also lessens the tractor drawbar pull .It meets the requirements of the energy-saving production , reducing the cost of production and use of transplanting machine .So it will be in favor of the promotion use of transplanting machine .

关 键 词：移栽机 主梁 有限元分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：S223.94[农业科学—农业机械化工程]