节肢动物共生细菌Hamiltonella的分布、传播、功能及基因组研究  

The distribution,transmission,functions and genomics of the symbiont Hamiltonella of invertebrates

作　　者：邴孝利[1] 饶琼[2] 栾军波[1] 刘树生[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学昆虫科学研究所农业部农业昆虫学重点实验室,杭州310058 [2]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院,杭州临安311300

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2014年第2期252-259,共8页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31101437);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2009CB119203)

摘　　要：Hamiltonella是节肢动物体内的一种次生共生细菌,目前主要在蚜虫和粉虱体内发现,其有两种传播方式,即随母系生殖垂直传播和在寄主个体间水平传播。在自然界中,Hamiltonella在蚜虫中的侵染率一直维持在中等水平,而在烟粉虱物种复合体中仅感染入侵隐种B和Q。Hamiltonella在寄主体内的功能研究还很匮乏,目前已知的功能主要是与寄主防御反应相关,蚜虫受Hamiltonella侵染后,其抵抗寄生蜂寄生的能力显著增加。直接的生物学性状观察没有发现Hamiltonella对豌豆蚜有不利影响,相反,感染Hamiltonella的豌豆蚜生活力更强。但Hamiltonella在黑豆蚜中表现出对寄主不利的现象。除了影响寄主抗逆能力,Hamiltonella也可以对植物病毒在烟粉虱体内的循环提供保护,从而有利于植物病毒的传播。目前,蚜虫Hamiltonella和烟粉虱Hamiltonella的基因组测序已陆续完成,Hamiltonella基因组信息将为其功能研究提供新的思路与视角。Hamiltonella is one kind of secondary endosymbionts of invertebrates and so far has been found mainly in aphids and whiteflies. Hamiltonella shows two modes of transmission： maternal transmission through host reproduction and horizontal transmission among host individuals. In nature, the infection rates of Hamiltonella in aphids are usually at medium levels. In the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex, Hamiltonella has so far been detected only in the two invasive cryptic species B and Q. Not much is yet known about the functions of Hamiltonella. Hamiltonella has been shown to be associated with host＇s immune responses. For example, when aphids are infected with Hamiltonella, their resistance to parasitoid wasps increases significantly. Direct observations indicate that Hamiltonella does not exert any adverse effects on the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum; on the contrary, infection with Hamiltonella increases the fitness of the host aphid. However, infection of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae with Hamiltonella has adverse effects on the host performance. Apart from affecting host＇s resistance, Hamiltonella can provide protection for plant viruses during their circulation within the body of whiteflies and is thus beneficial to the transmission of plant viruses. The genomes of Hamiltonella in A. pisum and in B. tabaci have now been sequenced, and the genomic information will help to formulate new ideas and perspectives on unraveling the functions of this endosymbiont.

关 键 词：Hamiltonella 共生细菌 蚜虫 粉虱 寄生蜂 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学] S436.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]