海上平台原油外输系统管道阻力特性分析  

Resistance Characteristic of Pipeline on Crude Transportation System of Offshore Platform

作　　者：刘新福 王春升 齐明侠[2] 尚超 

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院技术研发中心 [2]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2014年第4期30-33,37,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家863计划项目"大型FLNG/FLPG和FDPSO关键技术"(2011ZX05026);中海石油(中国)有限公司综合科研项目"南海中等水深边际油田开发工程关键技术及模式研究"(KJ125ZDXM08LTDZY01)

摘　　要：基于原油外输系统管道阻力特性分析,建立了管道阻力损失的计算模型,并依据管道中原油流动仿真分析结果制订减小管道阻力损失的有效措施。实例分析结果表明,管道阻力损失对有效汽蚀余量的影响较大,其比值为40%左右,研究外输泵的汽蚀问题时需分析管道阻力特性。管道阻力损失中,滤器等引起的局部阻力损失约占70%,需合理设置滤器进出口压差最大值,必要时可增大流通比。管道中流动原油在阀门两侧发生湍流而弯头处出现漩涡,使得管件引起的局部阻力和能耗损失较大,约占总损失的25%,需尽量减少管件数量,必要时采用全通径阀门。管道中输送原油的沿程阻力损失影响较小,外输量不大时常可忽略。On the basis of the characteristic analysis of pipeline resistance in the crude transportation system, the calculation model of pipeline resistance loss was established. The effective measures were given to reduce pipe- line resistance loss according to the pipeline crude flow simulation analysis result. The example analysis shows that pipeline resistance loss has considerable effect on effective NPSH. Its specific value is about 40%. It is necessary to analyze the pipeline resistance characteristic in studying the cavitation of the oil transfer pump. The local resistance loss caused by the tools, such as the filter, accounts for about 70% of the total pipeline resistance loss. It is necessary to set up the proper maximum value of filter inlet and outlet pressure difference. The circulation ratio can be improved if necessary. The turbulence of flowing crude oil in pipeline appears on both sides of the valve and whirl- pool appears at the elbow, which causes remarkable local resistance and energy consumption loss caused by the pipes. The loss accounts for about 25% of the total. It is necessary to reduce the pipe fittings as many as possible. The full-bore valve can be adopted if necessary. The effect of the on-way resistance loss in pipeline crude transportation is slight. Therefore, it is often negligible when the transportation amount is not large.

关 键 词：海上平台 原油外输泵 汽蚀余量 管道阻力 阻力损失 

分 类 号：TE952[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]