短时高温对桃小食心虫生长发育与繁殖的影响  

Effects of brief exposure to high temperature on the growth,development and reproduction of the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)

作　　者：李定旭[1] 雷喜红[2] 徐艳彩 李政[1] 高灵旺[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学林学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2014年第2期218-225,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：农业公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(2011030024)

摘　　要：【目的】桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii是我国北方落叶果树的重要害虫。本研究旨在探索短时高温对桃小食心虫生长发育和繁殖的影响。【方法】在室内23±1℃、相对湿度80%±7%和15L∶9D条件下,测定了桃小食心虫卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫在经历35,38和41℃高温处理1~4 h后各阶段的发育历期、存活率和产卵量。【结果】短时高温对卵的孵化率无明显影响;经41℃处理后,初蛀果幼虫(1日龄)的发育历期明显延长,且存活率显著降低,3日龄以上的幼虫受到的影响不明显;11日龄蛹的羽化率在38℃和41℃处理中明显降低,畸形率也显著升高;经38℃和41℃处理的成虫存活率降低,寿命缩短,产卵量也减少。【结论】短时高温处理对桃小食心虫卵的影响较小,而对成虫的影响较大。这些结果有助于深入了解该虫在高温季节种群数量变动机制。[ Aim ] The peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii Matsumura, is one of the most damaging pests in apple orchards in North China. We explored the influence of brief exposure to high temperature on the development and reproduction of the pest. [ Methods ] The developmental duration and survival rate of each life stage and fecundity were measured in the laboratory under the conditions of temperature 23 ＋ I^C, RH 80%＋7%, and photoperiod 15L： 9D, after the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults were exposed to high temperatures of 35, 38, and 41~C for 1 -4 h. [ Results] High temperature had no significant effect on the hatchability of eggs. The larval duration significantly prolonged and the survival rate significantly decreased in 1-day-old larvae exposed to 41°C, while no significant effect was found on 3 day-old or over 3-day-old larvae exposed to 41%. The emergence rates decreased and the deformity rates increased significantly in l 1-day-old pupae exposed to 38 and 41°C. The longevity shortened and the survival rates and fecundity decreased significantly in female adults exposed to 38 and 41°C. [ Conclusion ] Brief exposure of C. sasakii to high temperature imposes less effect on its egg than on its adult. The results could improve our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for population dynamics of C. sasakii during high temperature season.

关 键 词：桃小食心虫 温度 短时高温处理 生长发育 存活率 繁殖 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]