股骨小转子附近股动脉及股神经间隙解剖学研究  

Anatomic study on the space between femoral artery and femoral nerve around lesser trochanter

作　　者：余一品[1] 田征[1] 甘子明[2] 王水泉[2] 刘凤霞[2] 宋兴华[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨肿瘤外科,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学人体解剖学教研室,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《中华实用诊断与治疗杂志》2014年第4期364-366,共3页Journal of Chinese Practical Diagnosis and Therapy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81160218)

摘　　要：目的测量股骨小转子附近股动脉、股神经间隙,为经股动脉、股神经间隙手术入路提供解剖学依据。方法取20侧成人下肢标本,观察股骨小转子附近股动脉主干与股神经最内侧分支间隙,测量股骨小转子最高点水平及其近端4、2、0cm,远端2、4、6cm处间隙距离,同时测量股骨小转子最高点与旋股外侧动脉起始部的水平距离。结果股动脉主干与股神经最内侧分支间隙内,6侧下肢标本中可见细小神经11支,2侧下肢可见小动脉2支,1侧下肢可见淋巴管1支;股骨小转子近端4cm水平间隙距离为(8.01±2.71)mm,近端2cm水平间隙距离为(9.65±2.60)mm,股骨小转子最高点水平间隙距离为(10.12±2.91)mm,股骨小转子远端2cm水平间隙距离为(9.89±2.74)mm,远端4cm水平间隙距离为(9.58±2.86)mm,远端6cm水平间隙距离为(8.39±2.99)mm,股骨小转子最高点距旋股外侧动脉起始部的水平距离为(12.56±9.74)mm。结论股骨小转子附近股动脉主干与股神经间有一定间隙,间隙内解剖结构简单,无重要血管神经结构;手术切口可根据具体位置取股动脉搏动点稍偏外,以减少对重要血管神经结构的误伤。Objective To observe and measure the space between femoral artery and femoral nerve around lesser trochanter to provide anatomical basis for approach between femoral artery and nerve. Methods Twenty specimens were got from adult lower limbs to observe the space between the trunk of femoral artery and medial branch of femoral nerve, and to measure the space distance in lesser trochanter proximal 4, 2 and 0 cm and distal 2, 4 and 6 cm. The distance from the highest point of lesser trochanter to the beginning of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was measured. Results Eleven small nerves were found in 6 specimens, 2 small arteries were found in 2 specimens, and 1 lymph vessel was found in 1 specimen in the space between the trunk of femoral artery medical branch of femoral nerve. The space distances in 4, 2 and 0 cm proximal of lesser trochanter were （8. 01±2. 71）, （9. 65±2. 60） and （10. 12±2. 91） mm, and the space distances in 2, 4 and 6 cm distal of lesser trochanter were （9.89±2.74）, （9.58±2.86） and （8.39±2.99） ram. The distance from the highest point of lesser trochanter to the beginning of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was （12.56±9.74） mm. Conclusions There is a space between the trunk of femoral artery and femoral nerve, and its anatomical structure is simple with no important neurovascular structures. The incision should be chosen slightly outside pulse point of femoral artery according to the specific location to prevent injuring the important neurovascular structures.

关 键 词：股动脉 股神经 间隙 解剖 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]