北部湾北部生态系统结构与功能研究Ⅱ.浮游动物数量分布及优势种  

Ecosystem structure and function in northern Beibu Gulf Ⅱ.Quantitative distribution and dominant species of zooplankton

作　　者：郑白雯 曹文清[1] 林元烧[1] 郑连明[1] 张文静[1] 杨位迪[1] 王宇杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋学报》2014年第4期82-90,共9页

基　　金：我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(908-01-ST09);海洋公益项目"东南沿海半封闭海湾生态系统对人类活动干扰的响应评价;生态重构技术及示范"(201005012)

摘　　要：为了解北部湾北部海区浮游动物数量分布规律及优势种组成,2006—2007年对北部湾进行4个航次的综合性调查。根据浮游动物样品分析结果,研究了北部湾北部浮游动物的丰度、生物量和优势种组成,并利用Spearman等级相关法分析丰度与环境因子间的关系。研究结果表明,北部湾北部浮游动物丰度年均值(183.5±142.9)ind/m3,丰度的季节分布由高到低依次为秋季、夏季、冬季、春季;生物量年均值(139.5±116.8)mg/m3,由高到低依次为春季、秋季、冬季、夏季特征。平面分布上,春、秋两季丰度分布呈远岸高近岸低的趋势,而夏、冬两季则在近岸海域形成高丰度区。生物量的平面分布趋势与丰度的分布趋势基本一致。丰度变化与环境因子的相关性显著,水深、温度及叶绿素a浓度是影响丰度分布的主要因素。肥胖软箭虫Flaccisagitta enflata、亚强次真哲水蚤Subeucalanus subcrassus和间型莹虾Lucifer intermedius在北部湾北部的优势地位显著,优势种演替具有明显的季节性。The distribution of zooplankton abundance and biomass in northern Beibu Gulf were studied based on the samples collected by vertically towing a net （80 cm diameter, 505 μm mesh） including biological, chemical and hy- drographic investigation from July 2006 to December 2007. This study was important to know the variation of zoo- plankton abundanee,biomass and dominant species. Environmental factors which affected the zooplankton abun- dance were tested using spearman rank correlation by BIOEVN of PRIMER 5.0. The study showed that both a- bundance and biomass of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf varied clearly with season. The average of abundance was （ 183.5 ± 142.9） ind/m3 , while the average biomass was （ 139.5 ±116.8） ind/m3. There was a gradual increase in the abundance from inshore to offshore in spring and autumn, while the abundance was high inshore in summer and winter. The abundance was the highest in autumn, followed by summer,winter and spring. Biomass horizontal distribution was similar with abundance, but varied differently during four seasons, in the order of spring, autumn, winter and summer. The correlation between abundance and environmental factors was significant. Depth, temper- ature and chlorophyll a were the main factors. Flaccisagitta enflata, Subeucalanus subcrassus and Lucifer interme- dius dominated in northern Beibu Gulf especially. The dominant species changed dramatically during four seasons.

关 键 词：浮游动物 数量分布 生态适应 优势种 北部湾北部 

分 类 号：S922.95[农业科学—渔业资源] Q179.1[农业科学—水产科学]