日光温室架式栽培番茄适宜栽植密度研究  

Study on Appropriate Planting Density of Elevated Cultivation of Tomato in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：李冬[1] 胡莹莹[1] 魏珉[1,2] 李岩[1,2] 杨凤娟[1,3] 王秀峰[1,3] 史庆华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]农业部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站,山东泰安271018 [3]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2014年第3期21-24,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(S2011GR0454);山东省现代农业产业技术体系专项资助

摘　　要：以无限生长型圆串番茄‘洛美’为试材,利用封闭式无土栽培系统,采取日光温室架式无土栽培三穗果打顶促成法,在床距固定(90 cm)的条件下,研究了不同株距(26、21、16、11 cm)对番茄水肥吸收及植株生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:番茄对氮、磷、钾及水分的吸收速率随植株生长呈单峰曲线变化,单株吸收总量随栽植密度增大逐渐减少;小区产量以11 cm株距处理最高,分别比16、21、26 cm增产4.65%、18.76%和38.84%,但其单果重及单株产量均显著低于其它处理。随栽植密度增大,果实可溶性糖、糖酸比、VC及可溶性固形物含量降低,番茄红素含量则呈先升高后降低趋势。综合分析产量、品质及果实商品性,以90 cm×16 cm为架式栽培番茄适宜的栽植密度。The infinite-growth-typed rounded bunchy tomato cultivar‘Luomei’was chosen for exper-iment.Using enclosed soilless cultivation system with fixed frame distance of 90 cm,the effects of different plant spacings （26,21,16 and 11 cm）on water and fertilizer uptake,plant growth,yield and quality of to-mato were studied based on elevated soilless cultivation and 3 -cluster topping method in solar greenhouse. The results showed that,along with the growth of tomato,the uptake amount of N,P,K and water had in-creased firstly and then decreased.The total uptake amount of N,P,K and water per plant decreased gradual-ly along with the increase of planting density.The plot yield was the highest when the plant spacing was 1 1 cm,which increased by 4.65%,18.76%and 38.84%respectively than that of 16,21 and 26 cm treatment. The single fruit weight and yield per plant of 1 1 cm treatment were significantly lower than those of other treat-ments.The soluble sugar,sugar acid ratio,VC and soluble solid contents decreased with the increase of plant-ing density,and the lycopene content increased firstly and then decreased.Comprehensively considering yield,quality and commodity of fruits,90 cm ×16 cm was the desired planting density for elevated cultivation of tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 日光温室 架式无土栽培 密度 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S641.204.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]