3599例毒蛇咬伤流行病学研究  

Epidemiological Investigation Of The Poisonous Snake Bite In Jiangsu Nantong And Its Surrounding Areas

作　　者：龚旭初[1] 吴金娜[1] 丁志群[1] 杨万富[1] 丁晓雯[1] 吴琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通市中医院,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《蛇志》2014年第1期39-44,共6页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：目的 了解江苏省南通市及周边地区毒蛇咬伤病例流行病学特征,为本地区的蛇伤防治提供参考和指导.方法 对2004～2013年南通市及周边地区3599例蛇伤患者,按地区分布、蛇伤种类、患者年龄、性别、职业、咬伤季节、就诊时间、严重程度、治疗转归进行分析.结果 发病率较高的是如皋市、通州市、南通市、如东县等,共2500例,占69.46％;发病率较低的是海门市、海安县、启东市,总共217例,占6.03％.主要致伤蛇种为蝮蛇,占99.30％;患者职业主要为农民,占86.27％;男女比例为1∶1.16,女性略高于男性;发病年龄在40～69岁,占73.08％;夏秋农忙为高发季节,占92.59％;咬伤部位以四肢为多,占99.66％,尤以下肢更为多见;严重程度不高,重危症的比例在逐年下降,总体预后较好,死亡率亦明显下降.结论 了解本地区毒蛇咬伤流行病学特征,加强蛇伤高危人群的知识宣教,对降低本地区蛇伤病死率及致残率具有重要意义.Objective To investigate the retrospective epidemiological of the cases of snakebite in Jiangsu Nantong and its surrounding areas. Methods A total of 3599 snake bite cases occurred in Nantong and its surrounding ar- eas were reviewed,whice were distributed and analysised by region, age, gender, type of occupation, snakebite sea- son,visiting time,severity and treatment outcome. Results The incidence of Rugao,Tongzhou and Nantong ur- ban area were significantly high,there were 2500 cases in these areas,altogether accounted for 69.46 %. And the in- cidence of Haimen,Haian, Qidong were low, there were only 217 cases whice accounted for 6.03%. Most of the snakes involved in this study were Agkistrodon haly（accounted for 99.30%）. About 86.27% patients were farm- ers. The ratio of the patients was 1 ： 1.16,there were more female patients. The condition of the snakebite patients was not serious,and 73.08% patients were 40~69 years old. The busy season of summer and autumn were the high incidence seasons （accounted for 92.59 % ）. The bite sites were mostly in four limbs（accounted for 99.66 %）, especially the lower extremities. The serious cases has been decreased year by year, the overall prognosis was bet- ter,and the death rate was decreassive. Conclusion There are significantely reference and guiding for the treat- ment and prevention of snakebite in the local area from this epidemiological studies of snakebite.

关 键 词：毒蛇咬伤 流行病学 动态调查 江苏南通 

分 类 号：R646[医药卫生—外科学]