嘉兴市区水功能区水质达标纳污能力研究  

Research on water environmental capacity of water quality standard in water function zone of Jiaxing

作　　者：朱心悦[1] 逄勇[1,2] 徐丽媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2014年第1期22-27,共6页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179053);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07506-006-05;2012ZX07506-007-01)

摘　　要：嘉兴市区属于平原河网水系,往复流情况严重,上游来水水质较差且区域内污染源排污量大,导致其水质逐年恶化。嘉兴市区污染源调查结果表明:市区内面源污染相对严重,畜禽污染源为水环境污染的重点污染源。利用污染源影响权重分析得到:研究区域内内源及点源影响相对较大。在此基础上进行重点污染源概化,建立一维非稳态水量水质数学模型,实现水功能区水质与其流域内概化污染源的响应关系,结合水功能区划成果得到各水功能区的纳污能力,提出总量控制方案。计算结果表明:①嘉兴市区18个河流水功能区COD纳污能力为8642t/a,氨氮纳污能力为794 t/a,TP纳污能力为227 t/a;②污染物超标严重,氨氮和TP为主要污染因子;③在2011年现状入河量基础上,COD、氨氮和TP分别需削减49%、57%和56%。本研究结果为水功能区水质达标及污染源减排工作提供决策依据。Jiaxing urban region belongs to plain water network witch has a complicated water system with rectilinear current as well as a large amount of discharged pollutants,which has resulted in water quality being degenerated. According to an investigation of pollution source in Jiaxing urban district,diffused pollution is rather critical; animal sources of fecal pollution is the major source in water environment pollution. Weight analysis of influence of pollution source show that endogenous and point sources have great impact inside the research area. Based on this,generalization of major pollution sources is performed; simultaneously,one-dimensional unsteady water quantity and quality model were established to achieve corresponding relationship between water quality in water function zones and generalized pollution sources. Through mathematical modle,based on water quality reaching standard for water function zones and reducing pollution source of sewage outlet in the same proportion,it calculated permissible pollution emission of sewage outlets and environmental capacity of water function zones as well as their reducing scheme. Results indicate as follows： ①Permissible pollution bearing capacity of COD,NH3-N and TP were 8642 t / a,794 t / a and 227 t / a; ②Pollutants in urban areas have exceeded the standard severely, NH3-N and TP have become the main pollution factors; ③Regarding pollutants discharged into the river in 2011,COD,NH3-N and TP needs to be cut 49%,57%,56% respectively. The result can provide decision-making foundation for water function zone to reach water quality standard and to reduce discharge of pollutants.

关 键 词：水量水质模型 水质达标 纳污能力 水功能区 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]