吴语次清弛化分调的特点  

Types of Tonal Split in Wu(吴) Caused by Slack-voicing of Voiceless Aspiration

作　　者：徐越[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学人文学院,杭州310017

出　　处：《语言研究》2014年第2期54-59,共6页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"杭州方言研究"(10BYY108);香港研资局GRF"Chinese tones:Their phonetic properties typological universals and trajectories of evolution"(HKUST 644509)

摘　　要：吴语中的次清弛化分调现象除与单字调有关外,还与两字组连读变调密切相关。次清弛化分调有五种类型:(1)单字调独立,连读调也独立;(2)单字调独立,连读调归入他调;(3)单字调归入他调,连读调与他调保持区别;(4)单字调中无,连读调中有;(5)单字调归入他调,连读调也归入他调。五种类型反映出次清弛化分调归并前、归并中、归并后三种共时状态,代表了演变过程中的三个不同阶段,并预示了归入他调的发展演变总趋势。The tonal split caused by slack-voicing of voiceless aspiration in Wu（吴） does not only involve in citation tones, but also disyllabic tone sandhi. Based on an extensive survey on Wu（吴） dialects, this paper tries to classify the above-mentioned tonal split into five types. （1） A separate citation tone category as well as a separate category for the corresponding sandhi tone. （2） A separate citation category but a merger of the corresponding sandhi form into other sandhi category. （3） A merger of a citation form into other category but an independent sandhi category. （4） No split in the citation tone but a split in sandhi tone. （5） Both a merger of the citation and of the sandhi form into other categories. These five types in fact reflect three evolutionary stages： pre-splitting, on-going splitting, and splited, and show an changing tendency of re-categorization of tones.

关 键 词：吴语次清弛化分调 单字调 两字组连读变调 特点 类型 演变趋势 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]