文冠果壳纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料的力学性能  

Mechanical Properties of Xanthoceras Sorbifolia Husk Fibers/High Density Polyethylene Composites

作　　者：王洪宇[1,2] 隋国鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《科技导报》2014年第9期21-25,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：为了充分拓展文冠果壳在复合材料领域的应用,优化其复合材料的制备工艺,探索力学性能随纤维质量分数的变化规律,采用未处理的纤维作为对比,将文冠果壳纤维表面进行碱、硅烷偶联剂及碱-硅烷偶联剂处理。采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混与注塑成型的方法,制备文冠果壳纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料。考察了制备工艺、纤维质量分数对复合材料拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弹性模量和冲击强度的影响。研究表明,经过二次双螺杆熔融共混,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率提高。随着纤维质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率降低,弹性模量增加,冲击强度呈波浪状变化。复合材料断面上纤维断裂机制和剥落机制并存。The paper exploits the use of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk as the filler of the composite materials, optimizes the process of the composite preparation, and explores the trend of the mechanical properties changing with the filler content. The surfaces of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk fibers are treated with alkali, silane coupling agent and the alkali treatment, followed by that of the silane coupling agent. The Xanthoceras Sorbifolia Husk Fibers/ High Density Polyethylene composites are prepared via the twin screw extrusion and the injection molding. The influence of processing methods and fiber contents on the mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the elastic modulus and the impact strength, of the composites are investigated. The tensile strength and the elongation at break are found to increase for the composites extruded twice. The tensile strength and the elongation at break are decreased, the elastic modulus is increased, and the impact strength is changed in a wavy form with the increasing fiber contents. The fiber fracture mechanism and the spall-off mechanism are observed coexisting on the fracture surface of the composites.

关 键 词：文冠果 高密度聚乙烯 复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]