武汉异常强降水水汽来源、输送路径分析  

Analysis of Water Vapor Source and Transport Path of Abnormal Heavy Rain in Wuhan

作　　者：张灵[1] 杜良敏[1] 陈丽娟[2] 高正旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉区域气候中心,武汉430070 [2]国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2014年第1期69-74,共6页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC51B05);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306024;GYHY201306033)资助

摘　　要：采用百分位法挑选出武汉站63次强降水事件,使用Hysplit模型模拟强降水事件不同高度上后向168 h的运动轨迹并进行空间聚类分析,结果发现:武汉强降水发生时底层暖湿气流主要来自南海,自南方路径输送;中层水汽主要来源于孟加拉湾,以西南路径输送,其中青藏高原东南侧和南海充当水汽输送通道;较高层水汽输送路径以偏西路径为主,源地位于青藏高原。此外,稳定、持续的大尺度环流配置有利于强降水的发生,如副高南侧的暖湿气流沿着南支槽前向北影响长江中游。850 hPa上,马斯克林高压西侧的西南气流,汇入亚洲地区低涡南侧的偏西气流中,越过印度半岛、孟加拉湾和中南半岛,与来自澳大利亚越赤道后转向的偏南气流自我国南端北上抵达长江中游。Using percentile method, 63 heavy rain events in Wuhan station are selected, the backward trajectory in 168 hours on different heights are simulated by Hysplit model and analyzed by the spatial clustering analysis. The results show that： when heavy rain events occur in Wuhan, warm -moist air current at the bottom mainly comes from South China Sea and transfers along the southern route; water vapor at middle level primarily derives from Bengal Bay and transfers along southwest route, and the transmission channels are at the southeast side of Tibet Plateau and the South China Sea; water vapor at high level chooses westward route as the main transmission channel and the source place is Tibet Plateau. In addition, stable and sustainable large-scale circulation stimulates the occurrence of heavy rainfall. For example, the warm-moist air current in the southern side of western pacific subtropical high moves forward to the north along the south trough, and influence regions are in middle reaches of Yangtze River. In 850 hPa, southwest air current in the western side of Mascarene high joins in the westward air current in the southern side of Asian vortex, crosses over India peninsula, Bengal Bay and the Indo-china peninsula and arrives in middle reaches of Yangtze River from the south to the north together with the southward airflow from Australia which turn after crosses the equator.

关 键 词：HYSPLIT 异常强降水 百分位法 水汽输送 后向轨迹 

分 类 号：P434.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]