出生性别比偏高的人口社会学分析  

A Demographic Sociological Analysis on the High Sex Ratio at Birth

作　　者：宋全成[1,2,3] 文庆英 

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院 [2]山东大学社会学系 [3]山东大学移民研究所

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第2期115-123,共9页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“宗教信仰与流动人口的社会融入研究”(项目编号13JJD730002);山东省社科规划重点研究项目“山东人口老龄化与养老社会保障问题研究”(项目编号12BSHJ02)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：出生性别比偏高是我国政府需要正视和面对的重要人口现象。2010年人口普查数据表明,出生性别比总体上呈持续偏高的态势,但地区间存在显著差异;尽管出生性别比城、镇、乡村均有增高,但乡村和镇远高于城市;出生性别比各孩次均有上升,且随孩次递进而升高;出生性别比随母亲年龄的增长呈现出先升后降的趋势,与母亲受教育程度负相关。出生性别比偏高是多种因素综合作用的结果,但根本的内在动因是传统生育文化中的性别偏好意识和经济因素主导的性别偏好;直接原因则是生育的性别选择技术的滥用、现有生育政策的现实性制约以及女孩统计的漏报、瞒报等。The high sex ratio at birth （SRB） is an important population phenomenon to which the government must pay more attention in China. Census data of Shandong Province in 2010 indicate that SRB in Shandong Province has been in a continuing high level for a long time and has shown a tendency of rapid rise, but there are significant differences between regions. The SRB at urban, town and rural areas are all increased, but the SRB of rural or town is much higher than that of the urban. The SRB increases with parity, along with the mother＇s age increasing to increase first and then decrease. However, SRB is negatively correlated with mother＇s education level. The high SRB is the synthetic action of many factors, but consciousness of sex preference in traditional fertility culture and the sex preference dominated by economic factors are the basic reasons, while the direct reasons are the abuse of sex selection technology, together with the underreporting and conceal of the girl in the statistics, as well as the realistic constraints of the current fertility policy and so on.

关 键 词：出生性别比 生育文化 性别偏好 性别选择 生育政策 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]