闽东滨海湿地重金属生态风险评价方法选择与比较研究  

Selection and comparison of different methods for ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of coastal wetlands,the east Fujian,China

作　　者：何东进[1] 谭勇[1] 廖小娟[1] 王韧 蔡金标 游巍斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福鼎市林业局,福建福鼎355200 [3]霞浦县林业局,福建霞浦355100

出　　处：《福建林学院学报》2014年第2期97-103,共7页Journal of Fujian College of Forestry

基　　金：福建省科技厅重点项目(2009N0009);国家自然科学基金项目(31370624;30870435);教育部博士学科点专项基金项目(20103515110005);福建省林业厅基金项目(闽林科[2006函7号]);福建省教育厅基金项目(JA07064)

摘　　要：重金属污染是当前重点关注的环境问题之一,重金属生态风险评价是污染生态学的有效方法和手段之一。以闽东滨海湿地为例,对比了4种常用重金属风险评估方法在滨海湿地的适用性与优缺点。结果表明,不同方法在闽东滨海湿地风险评价结果上存在差异,其中海洋沉积物质量标准法所得风险高低顺序为Pb=Cd>Cu>Zn,农田>裸滩=养殖场>水域=红树林,而其余3种评估方法得到的风险高低顺序一致,均为Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn,红树林>养殖场>水域>裸滩>农田。但风险评级不同,地累积指数法评价结果风险偏小,潜在生态危害指数法评价结果适中,内梅罗综合指数法则偏重倾向较为严重。4种方法都有自身优缺点和适用范围,但潜在生态危害指数法更适合闽东滨海湿地沉降物重金属风险评价。Heavy metal pollution is one of the current focuses on environmental issues , and the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals is one of the most effective methods in pollution ecology .With the case study of heavy metals in surface sediments of coastal wetlands, the east Fujian, China, this paper made a comparative study on advantages and disadvantages and practicability of four common methods of risk assessment of heavy metals .The results indicated as follows .Evaluation results of the different methods were quite different .According to the assessment results of marine sediment quality criteria evaluation method , the pollution degree of four kinds of heavy metal was as following： Pb =Cd ＆gt;Cu ＆gt;Zn, farmland ＆gt;bare beach =farm ＆gt;water area =mangrove forest . Accordingto the assessment result with other 3 methods , the ecological risk of heavy metals was in the same order：all for Cd＆gt;Pb＆gt;Cu＆gt;Zn, mangrove forest＆gt;farm＆gt;water area＆gt;bare beach＆gt;farmland.However, risk rating of this 3 methods was different , The result of ecological risk was relatively low by cumulative index method , while potential ecological risk index was moderate and Nemerow index was relatively high .Each method had its own advantages and disadvantages and scope , but the potential ecological risk index was more suitable for risk assessment of heavy metals in coastal wetlands , the east Fujian, China .

关 键 词：沉降物 重金属 生态风险评价 比较 闽东滨海湿地 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]