膜材料的亲水性、膜表面对水的湿润性和水接触角的关系  

Hydrophilicity,wettability and contact angle

作　　者：祝振鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2014年第2期1-4,共4页Membrane Science and Technology

摘　　要：根据《化工词典》的释义和定义,亲水性是物质的一种内在性质,是由物质分子结构中对水具有大的亲和力的极性基团所赋予的,其外在表现是物体表面对水的铺展能力——即湿润性.但是,湿润性不仅与物质的内在性质——亲水性有关,还与物体的表面性状,即粗糙度、孔隙率、孔径及其分布等因素有关.水接触角测量的是水滴在物体表面的铺展夹角,因而是湿润性的一种具体量度,其数值大小直接反映了物体表面对水湿润性的强弱.只有当物体表面是光滑的、平整的、无孔的固体表面时,水接触角才不仅是物体表面对水湿润性的一种量度,而且也是对材料内在亲水性的一种很好的量度.膜表面性状对水接触角测量值的影响很大,有时还占主导地位.《膜科学与技术》上已经发表的3篇论文充分证明:水接触角测量值只是膜表面湿润性的一种量度,而与膜材料的亲水性并无必然的联系.Based on the difination and paraphrase in the Chemical Dictionary, the hydrophilicity is an instrinsic characteristic of the substance, bestowed on by some polar groups having a strong affinity for water in the substance molecule structure, its extrinsic expression is a spreading-out ability of the substance surface for water, that is wettability. But, the wettability relates not only to the hydrophilicity the substance intrinsic property, also is concerned with the surface phapes and properties of the substance such as rouphness, porosity, pore size and its distribution etc.. The water contact angle is a spreading-out angle of a water droplet on the substance surface, so it is a direct measure of the wettability, what its values is big or small directly reflects that the wettability is strong or weak. Only when the surface of a substance is a smooth, level, and porous-free surface of a solid, the water contact angle is not only a measure of the wettability of the substance surface, but also is a good measure of the hydrophilicity of the substance. The effects of the shapes and properties of the membrane surface, such as rouphness, porosity, pore size and its distribution etc. , on the measurement values of the water contact angle would be tremendous, sometimes even could play a dominent role. Three papers published in the Membrane Science and Technology have proved sufficiently, the measurement values of the contact angle only are a measure of the ability of water spreading-out on the membrane surface wettability, have not an inevitable relation with the hydrophilicity of the membrane materials.

关 键 词：亲水性 湿润性 水接触角 膜污染 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]