拉鲁湿地肉鞭虫群落特征及其水环境评价  

Community Characteristics of Sarcodines and Flagellates and Water Environment Evaluation in Lhalu Wetlands

作　　者：巴桑[1,2] 黄香[3] 普布[1] 马正学[2] 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院高山动物生态研究所,西藏自治区拉萨850000 [2]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]西藏大学理学院化学与环境科学系,西藏自治区拉萨850000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第2期182-191,共10页Wetland Science

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(210214;212165);国家自然科学基金项目(31360509)资助

摘　　要：在2009年、2010年和2011年的7月和10月,用定点随机采样、活体培养观察法,对西藏拉鲁湿地的肉鞭虫群落特征进行了研究。共鉴定出肉鞭虫145种(包括12个未定名种)。鞭毛亚门有2纲9目15科26属49种,植鞭纲有45种,其中眼虫目25种,占鞭毛虫物种总数的50%,为优势类群;动鞭纲仅有4种。肉足亚门有3纲6目20科34属96种,叶足纲有72种,其中表壳目44种,占肉足虫物种总数46.32%,为优势类群;变形目28种,占28.86%,为次优势类群。优势种类夏季有卵形隐滴虫(Cryptomonas ovata)、啮蚀隐滴虫(Cryptomonas erosa)、裸腰鞭虫(Gymnodinium aeruginosum)、盘状匣壳虫(Centropyxis discoides);秋季有湖生管壳虫(Trachelomonas lacustris)、薄腰鞭虫(Glenodinium pulvisculus);常见种有27种(鞭毛虫11种,肉足虫16种);偶见种类有112种。结果表明,拉鲁湿地肉鞭虫物种丰富,群落结构复杂,物种分布呈现高度的时空异质性,特有和稀有物种繁多。对肉鞭虫群落特征指标与环境主要理化因子作二元变量的相关性分析,结果显示,在夏、秋季影响肉鞭虫群落结构特征的环境因子主要是水体pH和盐度。根据肉鞭虫群落特征以及水体主要理化指标,对拉鲁湿地水体质量进行综合评价,结果是拉鲁湿地水体状况良好,除4号采样点水体属于β-中污带外,其余各采样点水体都属于寡污带。The structure of sarcodines and flagellates community in Lhalu wetlands was studied based on site sampling, directly observation （in vivo） and fixed-staining methods. Samplings were carried out in July and October in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. A total of 145 species were identified, including 12 uncertain species. There were 49 species belonging to 26 genera, 15 families, 9 orders, 2 classes in mastigophora found in this study. Amongst, 45 species were phytomastigophorea and in which 25 species were euglenida, account- ing for 50% of the total flagellates found in the study and, was the dominant group; only 4 species found in mastigophora were class of zoomastigophorea. There were 96 species belonging to 34 genera, 20 families, 6 orders, and 3 classes in sarcodina. Amongst, 72 species were lobosea and in which 44 species were arcellinida, accounting for 46.32% of the total sarcodines found in the study and, it was the dominant group. Twenty-eight species in lobosea were order of amoebida and, accounting for 28.86%, was the subdominant group. All to- gether, dominant species in July （summer） were Cryptomonas ovata, Cryptomonas erosa, Gymnodiniura aerugi- nosum, and Centropyxis discoides; in October （autumn） were Trachelomonas lacustris and Glenodinium pulviscu- lus. There were 27 common species （11 species of flagellate and 16 species of sarcodines） and 112 occasional species found in total. The results showed that in the wetlands there was a high sarcodines and flagellates spe- cies richness and complex community structure. Species distribution was highly heterogeneity both at tempo- ral and spatial level. Correlation analysis was carried out between the community structure and major environ- mental factors. The results suggested that pH and salinity in the waters were major factors controlling the vari- ations of community structure of sarcodines and flagellates in both 2 seasons. The water quality of the studied wetlands was evaluated based on the obtained community structure and major p

关 键 词：肉鞭虫 群落特征 水环境评价 拉鲁湿地 

分 类 号：Q959.116[生物学—动物学]