风沙土膜下微润灌溉制度的研究  

Studies on Self-Suction Micro Irrigation Regime for Maize on Aeolian Sandy Soil

作　　者：窦超银[1] 孟维忠[1] 佟威[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,沈阳110003

出　　处：《吉林农业科学》2014年第2期13-17,共5页Journal of　Jilin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：水利部科技推广项目(TG1203);水利部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201101061)

摘　　要：为了更为合理的利用风沙土壤资源，本文将新型微润灌溉技术应用于风沙土玉米灌溉，通过田间试验研究了不同微润灌溉灌水量对玉米生长和产量的影响，从而为风沙土膜下微润灌溉制度的制定提供理论依据。试验结果表明：灌水量对微润灌溉玉米株高、茎粗、LAI和单株地上干物质量等营养生长影响较小；穗长、穗粗、行粒数、百粒重、穗粒重、穗重等产量构成性状和产量均随着灌水量的增加先增大后减小，穗行数随灌水量变化不大，秃尖长随灌水量的增加先减小后增大，灌水量75％ET时，玉米微润灌溉产量最高，达到7．8t／hm2；WUE随着灌水量的增加而下降，25％ET时WUE最大，为1．35kg／m3。因此，在风沙土地区，灌水量宜控制在25％。75％之间。In order to provide the theory for the reasonable exploitation and sustainable utilization of Aeolian sandy soil, maize was planted under plastic film and irrigated by self-suction micro-irrigation emit- ter. Effects of irrigation water on the growth and yield of maize in Aeolian sandy soil were studied by field ex- periment. The results showed that irrigation water had little effect on stem length, stem diameter, LAI, and dry matter accumulation above ground per plant. Ear length, ear thickness, grains per row, 100 grain weight, grain weight per ear, ear weight and yield all increased first and then decreased as irrigation water increased, while length of barren ear had the opposite trend, besides that, rows per ear changed little as irrigation water in- creased. The highest yield, which reached 7.8 t/hm2, was got for 75% ET treatment. However, WUE decreased with increasing of irrigation water, and its maximum was 1.35 kg/m3 for 25% ET treatment. Therefore, in the Aeolian sandy soil area, irrigation water about 25% - 75% ET was recommended.

关 键 词：产量 灌水量 风沙土 水分利用效率 微润灌溉 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]