中国外流劳动力的社会福利效应研究--基于微观调研的经验分析  

The Research on the Social Welfare Effect of the Outflow of Labor in China——Based on the Analysis of Microscopic Data

作　　者：樊士德[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京审计学院经济学院 [2]南京大学经济学院

出　　处：《新疆社会科学》2014年第2期116-125,154,共10页Social Sciences in Xinjiang

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“劳动力转移刚性、产业转移与区域协调发展研究”(11CJY015);江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目“劳动力流动与区域更高层次协调发展研究”(10EYB007);江苏省第四期“333工程”资助科研项目“新产业革命与江苏产业结构转型研究”;中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2012T50477)、中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2011M500881);2011年江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(YSXKKT18);2011年江苏政府留学奖学金资助的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：区别于传统有关劳动力流动对流入地产出名义而非严格意义的福利效应研究,文章结合作者（2009～2010）在广东、浙江、江苏、安徽、河南、四川和陕西等7个省份所开展的微观调研以及深度访谈（2012）,主要侧重对劳动力流动及外流劳动力在医疗卫生服务、基本社会保障、子女义务教育、政治知情权与表达权等方面的福利效应进行了考察.结果表明：外流劳动力流动过程中在流入地就医决策比例偏低,自身的健康与人力资本受到影响;社会保障总体覆盖率偏低,与其需求并不匹配;“流动儿童”的义务教育状况因歧视、地区与城乡的文化差异、流动性大等总体欠佳;流动过程中政治权利意识淡薄,无法行使到位.相比城市居民,二者之间基本的社会经济福利存在较大的差距.Distincted from the research on nominal welfare effect outcomes of untraditional labor migration in exporting country/area and importing country/area,the thesis adopts microscopic studies(2009-2010)and in-depth interviews(2012)conducted by the author in Guangdong,Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui,Henan and Shanxi Province which focuses on examining welfare effects of labor mobility on outflowed labor force in aspects such as medical and health service,basic social security,children's compulsory education,political rights to know and express.The findings indicate that in the process of labor migration,the hospitalization decision rate of outflowed labor force in importing area is relatively low,the health and human resource capital of outflowed labor force is affected;the overall coverage rate of social security is not high enough to meet the demand;the compulsory education situation of migrant children is not satisfactory under the influence of factors such as discrimination,cultural difference between urban and rural areas as well as high mobility rate and the political rights awareness of outflowed labor force is rather weak and therefore their rights exercise is not in place yet.It is rather wide that the gap of basic social and economic benefits between outflowed labor force and urban residents.

关 键 词：劳动力流动 福利效应 医疗卫生服务 社会保障 政治福利 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]