全反式维甲酸致先天性肛门直肠畸形胎鼠盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的形态学研究  

Study on histomorphology of pelvic floor muscles and nervous system in embryo mice with congenital anorectal malformations induced by all- trans retinoic acid

作　　者：张曦[1] 岳峰[2] 张焱[3] 杜勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院肿瘤医院,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院,宁夏银川750004 [3]宁夏医科大学电镜室,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2014年第4期289-291,I0001,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的观察肛门直肠畸形(ARMs)大鼠胚胎盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的组织形态学变化,为寻找术后远期便秘和便失禁致病基因提供线索。方法通过全反式维甲酸(ATRA)诱导大鼠胚胎产生ARMs动物模型,用电镜观察E20胎鼠正常组和ARMs大鼠胚胎盆底肌肌肉、神经及神经肌肉接头形态学变化。结果取E20正常组、ARMs胎鼠盆底肌各20例,光镜下可见正常组胎鼠盆底肌肌纤维紧密相连,肌束间含有胶原纤维、成纤维细胞、血管及神经等结构,细胞核染色清楚;透射电镜见盆底肌肌纤维排列整齐,肌节清楚,肌丝明显,明带、暗带、M线、Z线清晰可辨,可见盆底肌神经、神经突触、线粒体。ARMs胎鼠盆底肌纤维明显萎缩,透射电镜见肌纤维排列紊乱、结构不清,部分核细胞明显增大,部分核固缩呈锯齿状,明带、暗带不清晰,M线、Z线有不规则改变、扭曲、断裂,肌膜之间满布成纤维细胞,神经及神经肌肉接头未找出。结论 ARMs胎鼠存在盆底肌肉的解剖缺陷及功能障碍,可能与ARMs存在骶髓、盆底及肛周神经发育不良有关。Objective To study the histomorphology changes of pelvic floor muscle and nervous system on embryo mice with anorec- tal malformations（ARMs）induced by all -trans retinoic acid. Methods The animal model of embryo mice with anorectal malformations was induced by all -trans retinoic acid. The histomorphology changes of the pelvic floor muscle, nerve and myoneural junction in normal embryo mice group and ARMs group were observed by electron microscopy. Results Observation of pelvic floor muscle in normal group indicated that, under optical microscope,the muscle fibers were closely linked,with nuclear staining clearly,and with muscle bundles containing collagen fi- bers ,fibroblasts,blood vessels and nerves etc. The pelvic floor muscle of normal group under transmission electron microscopy exhibited that muscle fibers were arranged regularly,and myofilament was obvious, and dark band,light band, M line and Z line was clear,and the nerve, syn- apses and mitochondria of pelvic floor muscle was visible. The fiber atrophy of pelvic floor muscle was significantly in ARMs group. Observation of pelvic floor muscle in ARMs group indicated that, under transmission electron microscopy, the muscle fiber was disorder, and the structure was unclear,and some nucleus significantly enlarged,and some karyopyknosis was zigzag,and dark band and light band was illegible,and M and Z line were irregular change ,distortion ,breakage ,and between the sarcolemma covered with fibroblasts ,and neuron and neuromuscular junction wasnt identified. Conclusion The pelvic anatomical defects and dysfunction does exist in ARMs embryo mice. This might be related to nerve dysplasia of sacral marrow,pelvic floor and crissum in ARMs embryo mice.

关 键 词：全反式维甲酸 先天性肛门直肠畸形 盆底肌 透射电镜 

分 类 号：R726.5[医药卫生—儿科]